Galapagos

Karen Harpp is a geochemist and volcanologist in the Geology Department at Colgate University, in upstate New York, USA. She and her students have been exploring the Galápagos for many years, studying the origins of the volcanic islands across the archipelago using land- and sea-based research methods.Eric Mittelstaedt is a geodynamicist and geophysicist in the Department of Geological Sciences at the University of Idaho. Using geophysical data, and numerical and analogue experiments, he studies the interactions between mantle dynamics, and surface tectonics and volcanism in the Earth’s ocean basins.David Graham is an isotope geochemist in the College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences at Oregon State University. He specializes in using noble gas measurements of volcanic rocks from the oceans and continents to investigate geodynamics of the Earth's mantle.Noémi d'Ozouville is a post-doc at the University Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris 6, France. She lives in the Galápagos Islands where her research activities include the hydrology and hydrogeology of volcanic ocean islands through a combined approach of remote sensing, geophysical data and hydro-climatological monitoring, data collection, and analysis. She continues to play an important role in conservation and water management in the islands. She now works at the Charles Darwin Research Station as Science Administrator.

• Contributors viiForeword: Darwin’s PerspectiveRandal Keynes xiForeword: The Galápagos as a Natural LaboratoryPeter Grant xiiiAcknowledgments xv1. IntroductionEric Mittelstaedt, Noémi d’Ozouville, Karen S. Harpp, and David W. Graham 12. Contrasting Volcanism in Hawai‘i and the GalápagosMichael P. Poland 53. Galápagos and Easter: A Tale of Two HotspotsKaren S. Harpp, Paul S. Hall, and Matthew G. Jackson 274. Eruption Rates for Fernandina Volcano: A New Chronology at the Galápagos Hotspot CenterMark D. Kurz, Scott K. Rowland, Joshua Curtice, Alberto E. Saal, and Terry Naumann 415. Galápagos Magma ChambersDennis J. Geist, George Bergantz, and William W. Chadwick, Jr 556. The Geology and Geochemistry of Isla Floreana, Galápagos: A Different Type of Late-Stage Ocean Island VolcanismKaren S. Harpp, Dennis J. Geist, Alison M. Koleszar, Branden Christensen, John Lyons, Melissa Sabga, and Nathan Rollins 717. Plate Tectonics, Evolution, and the Survival of Species: A Modern Day HotspotGodfrey Merlen 1198. A Paleogeographic Model of the Galápagos Islands and Biogeographical and EvolutionaryImplicationsDennis J. Geist, Howard Snell, Heidi Snell, Charlotte Goddard, and Mark D. Kurz 1459. Hydrogeology of the Galápagos Archipelago: An Integrated and Comparative Approach Between IslandsSophie Violette, Noémi d’Ozouville, Alexandre Pryet, Benoît Deffontaines, Jérôme Fortin, andMathilde Adelinet 16710. Controls on the Hydrological and Topographic Evolution of Shield Volcanoes and Volcanic Ocean IslandsAnne J. Jefferson, Ken L. Ferrier, J. Taylor Perron, and Ricardo Ramalho 18511. Climate and the Global Reach of the Galápagos Archipelago: State of the KnowledgeKristopher B. Karnauskas, Raghu Murtugudde, and W. Brechner Owens 21512. Assessment of the Chile 2010 and Japan 2011 Tsunami Events in the Galápagos IslandsWillington Rentería and Patrick Lynett 23313. Patterns in Galápagos Magmatism Arising from the Upper Mantle Dynamics of Plume-RidgeInteractionGarrett Ito and Todd Bianco 24514. Variations in Crustal Thickness, Plate Rigidity, and Volcanic Processes Throughout the Northern Galápagos Volcanic ProvinceEric Mittelstaedt, Adam S. Soule, Karen S. Harpp, and Daniel Fornari 26315. Plume-Ridge Interaction in the Galápagos: Perspectives from Wolf, Darwin, and Genovesa IslandsKaren S. Harpp, Karl R. Wirth, Rachel Teasdale, Susanna Blair, Leslie Reed, Jay Barr, Janna Pistiner,and Daniel Korich 28516. A Preliminary Survey of the Northeast Seamounts, Galápagos PlatformChristopher W. Sinton, Karen S. Harpp, and David M. Christie 33517. Effect of Variations in Magma Supply on the Crustal Structure of Mid-Ocean Ridges: Insights from the Western Galápagos Spreading CenterJuan Pablo Canales, Robert A. Dunn, Garrett Ito, Robert S. Detrick, and Valentí Sallarès 36318. Helium Isotope Variations and Mantle Plume-Spreading Ridge Interactions Along the Galápagos Spreading CenterDavid W. Graham, Barry B. Hanan, John E. Lupton, Kaj Hoernle, Reinhard Werner, David M. Christie, and John M. Sinton 393Index 415

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