Professor Trevor Letcher is an Emeritus Professor at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, and living in the United Kingdom. He was previously Professor of Chemistry, and Head of Department, at the University of the Witwatersrand, Rhodes University, and Natal, in South Africa (1969-2004). He has published over 300 papers on areas such as chemical thermodynamic and waste from landfill in peer reviewed journals, and 100 papers in popular science and education journals. Prof. Letcher has edited and/or written 32 major books, of which 22 were published by Elsevier, on topics ranging from future energy, climate change, storing energy, waste, tyre waste and recycling, wind energy, solar energy, managing global warming, plastic waste, renewable energy, and environmental disasters. He has been awarded gold medals by the South African Institute of Chemistry and the South African Association for the Advancement of Science, and the Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics honoured him with a Festschrift in 2018. He is a life member of both the Royal Society of Chemistry (London) and the South African Institute of Chemistry. He is on the editorial board of the Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, and is a Director of the Board of the International Association of Chemical Thermodynamics since 2002.

• Part A: IntroductionChapter 1: The Role of Energy Storage in Low-Carbon Energy SystemsPart B: Electrical Energy Storage Techniques Gravitational/Mechanical/ThermomechanicalChapter 2: Pumped Hydroelectric StorageChapter 3: Novel Hydroelectric Storage ConceptsChapter 4: Advanced Rail Energy Storage: Green Energy Storage for Green EnergyChapter 5: Compressed Air Energy StorageChapter 6: Compressed Air Energy Storage in Underground FormationsChapter 7: Underwater Compressed Air Energy StorageChapter 8: A Novel Pumped Hydro Combined with Compressed Air EnergyChapter 9: Liquid Air Energy StorageChapter 10: FlywheelsPart C: ElectrochemicalChapter 11: Rechargeable Batteries with Special Reference to Lithium-Ion BatteriesChapter 12: Vanadium Redox Flow BatteriesPart D: ThermalChapter 13: Phase Change MaterialsChapter 14: Solar PondsChapter 15: Sensible Thermal Energy Storage: Diurnal and SeasonalPart E: ChemicalChapter 16: Hydrogen From Water ElectrolysisChapter 17: Thermochemical Energy StorageChapter 18: Power-to-GasChapter 19: Traditional Bulk Energy Storage—Coal and Underground Natural Gas and Oil StorageChapter 20: Larger Scale Hydrogen StoragePart F: IntegrationChapter 21: Energy Storage IntegrationChapter 22: Off-Grid Energy StoragePart G: International Issues and the Politics of Introducing Renewable Energy SchemesChapter 23: Energy Storage WorldwideChapter 24: Storing Energy in China—An OverviewChapter 25: The Politics of Investing in Sustainable Energy Systems

Professor Trevor Letcher is an Emeritus Professor at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, and living in the United Kingdom. He was previously Professor of Chemistry, and Head of Department, at the University of the Witwatersrand, Rhodes University, and Natal, in South Africa (1969-2004). He has published over 300 papers on areas such as chemical thermodynamic and waste from landfill in peer reviewed journals, and 100 papers in popular science and education journals. Prof. Letcher has edited and/or written 32 major books, of which 22 were published by Elsevier, on topics ranging from future energy, climate change, storing energy, waste, tyre waste and recycling, wind energy, solar energy, managing global warming, plastic waste, renewable energy, and environmental disasters. He has been awarded gold medals by the South African Institute of Chemistry and the South African Association for the Advancement of Science, and the Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics honoured him with a Festschrift in 2018. He is a life member of both the Royal Society of Chemistry (London) and the South African Institute of Chemistry. He is on the editorial board of the Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, and is a Director of the Board of the International Association of Chemical Thermodynamics since 2002.

• Part A: IntroductionChapter 1: The Role of Energy Storage in Low-Carbon Energy SystemsPart B: Electrical Energy Storage Techniques Gravitational/Mechanical/ThermomechanicalChapter 2: Pumped Hydroelectric StorageChapter 3: Novel Hydroelectric Storage ConceptsChapter 4: Advanced Rail Energy Storage: Green Energy Storage for Green EnergyChapter 5: Compressed Air Energy StorageChapter 6: Compressed Air Energy Storage in Underground FormationsChapter 7: Underwater Compressed Air Energy StorageChapter 8: A Novel Pumped Hydro Combined with Compressed Air EnergyChapter 9: Liquid Air Energy StorageChapter 10: FlywheelsPart C: ElectrochemicalChapter 11: Rechargeable Batteries with Special Reference to Lithium-Ion BatteriesChapter 12: Vanadium Redox Flow BatteriesPart D: ThermalChapter 13: Phase Change MaterialsChapter 14: Solar PondsChapter 15: Sensible Thermal Energy Storage: Diurnal and SeasonalPart E: ChemicalChapter 16: Hydrogen From Water ElectrolysisChapter 17: Thermochemical Energy StorageChapter 18: Power-to-GasChapter 19: Traditional Bulk Energy Storage—Coal and Underground Natural Gas and Oil StorageChapter 20: Larger Scale Hydrogen StoragePart F: IntegrationChapter 21: Energy Storage IntegrationChapter 22: Off-Grid Energy StoragePart G: International Issues and the Politics of Introducing Renewable Energy SchemesChapter 23: Energy Storage WorldwideChapter 24: Storing Energy in China—An OverviewChapter 25: The Politics of Investing in Sustainable Energy Systems

Professor Trevor Letcher is an Emeritus Professor at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, and living in the United Kingdom. He was previously Professor of Chemistry, and Head of Department, at the University of the Witwatersrand, Rhodes University, and Natal, in South Africa (1969-2004). He has published over 300 papers on areas such as chemical thermodynamic and waste from landfill in peer reviewed journals, and 100 papers in popular science and education journals. Prof. Letcher has edited and/or written 32 major books, of which 22 were published by Elsevier, on topics ranging from future energy, climate change, storing energy, waste, tyre waste and recycling, wind energy, solar energy, managing global warming, plastic waste, renewable energy, and environmental disasters. He has been awarded gold medals by the South African Institute of Chemistry and the South African Association for the Advancement of Science, and the Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics honoured him with a Festschrift in 2018. He is a life member of both the Royal Society of Chemistry (London) and the South African Institute of Chemistry. He is on the editorial board of the Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, and is a Director of the Board of the International Association of Chemical Thermodynamics since 2002.

• Part A: IntroductionChapter 1: The Role of Energy Storage in Low-Carbon Energy SystemsPart B: Electrical Energy Storage Techniques Gravitational/Mechanical/ThermomechanicalChapter 2: Pumped Hydroelectric StorageChapter 3: Novel Hydroelectric Storage ConceptsChapter 4: Advanced Rail Energy Storage: Green Energy Storage for Green EnergyChapter 5: Compressed Air Energy StorageChapter 6: Compressed Air Energy Storage in Underground FormationsChapter 7: Underwater Compressed Air Energy StorageChapter 8: A Novel Pumped Hydro Combined with Compressed Air EnergyChapter 9: Liquid Air Energy StorageChapter 10: FlywheelsPart C: ElectrochemicalChapter 11: Rechargeable Batteries with Special Reference to Lithium-Ion BatteriesChapter 12: Vanadium Redox Flow BatteriesPart D: ThermalChapter 13: Phase Change MaterialsChapter 14: Solar PondsChapter 15: Sensible Thermal Energy Storage: Diurnal and SeasonalPart E: ChemicalChapter 16: Hydrogen From Water ElectrolysisChapter 17: Thermochemical Energy StorageChapter 18: Power-to-GasChapter 19: Traditional Bulk Energy Storage—Coal and Underground Natural Gas and Oil StorageChapter 20: Larger Scale Hydrogen StoragePart F: IntegrationChapter 21: Energy Storage IntegrationChapter 22: Off-Grid Energy StoragePart G: International Issues and the Politics of Introducing Renewable Energy SchemesChapter 23: Energy Storage WorldwideChapter 24: Storing Energy in China—An OverviewChapter 25: The Politics of Investing in Sustainable Energy Systems