Nicholas F. Gier is Professor of Philosophy and Coordinator of Religious Studies at the University of Idaho. He is the author of God, Reason, and the Evangelicals, and the SUNY Press publications Wittgenstein and Phenomenology: A Comparative Study of the Later Wittgenstein, Husserl, Heidegger, and Merleau-Ponty and Spiritual Titanism: Indian, Chinese, and Western Perspectives.

• Acknowledgments Series Introduction Introduction 1. Gandhi as a Postmodern Thinker Gandhi as PremodernistThe Modernist GandhiTwo Forms of PostmodernismA Postmodern Gandhi 2. Nonviolence in Jainism and Hinduism Absolute Nonviolence in JainismGandhi and JainismRelative Nonviolence in HinduismGandhi's View of the Bhagavad-gita 3. Vedanta, Atman, and Gandhi Bhikhu Parekh's Advaitin GandhiRamashray Roy's Nondual GandhiMetaphors of Self and World 4. The Buddha and Pragmatic Nonviolence Nonviolence in BuddhismGandhi's Misconceptions about BuddhismGandhi, Self-Suffering, and the BuddhaThe Mahatma and the BodhisattvaThe Buddhist Self as FunctionalGandhian and Buddhist Humanism 5. Experiments with Truth Aristotle on Practical ReasonYi and PhronesisDharma and the Middle WayThe Eight-Fold PathExperiments with Truth 6. The Aesthetics of Virtue A Confucian Critique of Greco-Roman EthicsRational versus Aesthetic OrderA Confucian Aesthetics of VirtueA Fusion of Making and DoingConclusions 7. Gandhi, Confucius, and Virtue Aesthetics Confucius versus GandhiInstructive SimilaritiesA Gandhian Aesthetics of Virtue 8. Rules, Vows, and Virtues Rules and VirtuesVirtue and VirilityVows and VirtuesGandhi's VowsGandhi's Virtues 9. The Virtue of Nonviolence Character ConsequentialismThe Means–Ends RelationIs Nonviolence a Virtue at All?Is Nonviolence an Enabling Virtue?The Virtues, Pleasure, and Moral FreedomHappiness, Joy, and Pleasure 10. The Saints of Nonviolence: Buddha, Christ, Gandhi, King Saintly Gentleness and Tough LoveUtility, Duty, or Infused Charity?The Charismatic SaintMahatma, Megalopsychia, and the Flawed Saint Buddha, Christ, and Duress Virtue Notes Glossary of Foreign Terms Selected Bibliography Note on Supporting Center Index SUNY Series in Constructive Postmodern Thought