United States in World War II

G. Kurt Piehler is Associate Professor of History at Florida State University. He is author of Remembering War the American Way (1995) and World War II  (2007) and co-editor of Major Problems in American Military History (1999), The Atomic Bomb and American Society: New Perspectives (2009), and The Second World War: New Perspectives on Diplomacy, War, and the Home Front (2010).

• List of Illustrations xSeries Editors’ Preface xiSource Acknowledgments xivIntroduction 1Chapter 1 The Controversial War 151 Henry Stimson, Diplomatic Note, 1932 152 William E. Dodd, Letter to Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1934 163 US Congress, Excerpt from the Neutrality Act, 1935 194 Chicago Defender , “League of Nations Holds Meetings,” Editorial, 1936 245 Jane Woolsey, “No Mr. Churchill!” and Mandy Butler, “Yes, Mr. Churchill!,” Rutgers Anthologist , 1941 266 Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill, “The Atlantic Charter,” 1941 317 US Congress, Excerpt from Hearings, Propaganda in Motion Pictures , 1941 328 Cordell Hull Proposal to Japanese Ambassador Nomura and His Reply, 1941 37Chapter 2 Pearl Harbor and Meeting the Fight 441 Ruth A. Erickson, Recollections of Attack on Pearl Harbor, 1997 442 Eleanor Roosevelt, Script for Radio Program, 1941 463 Franklin D. Roosevelt, Address to the Joint Session of Congress, 1941 544 William Dyess, Excerpt from The Eye‐witness Account of the Death March from Bataan , 1944 565 General George Marshall to Admiral Ernest King, Memorandum, and Franklin D. Roosevelt to Harry L. Hopkins, General Marshall, and Admiral King, Memorandum, 1942 58Chapter 3 The Pacific War 631 Alvin Kernan, Excerpt from Crossing the Line: A Bluejacket ’ s World Odyssey , 1994 632 John Hersey, Excerpt from “The Battle of Rivers,” Life , 1942 653 US Army Research Branch, Excerpt from Report No. B‐11, “Factors Affecting Morale of Veteran Infantrymen in the Pacific,” 1945 714 John Ciardi, Excerpts from Diary, 1944 735 Sam Smith, Oral History Interview Regarding Battle of Iwo Jima, 2004 76Chapter 4 The War in North Africa and Europe 791 George Marshall to Lesley McNair, Memorandum, 1942 792 James R. Forgan to Commanding General, European Theater of Operations, Memorandum, 1945 803 Dwight Eisenhower, Draft Statement and Memorandum to the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 1944 834 Harold E. Mayo, Letter to Robert Cummins, 1944 865 Paul Fergot, Letters to Parents and Wife, 1944, 1945 886 Emiel W. Owens, Excerpt from Blood on German Snow: An African American Artilleryman in World War II and Beyond , 2006 90Chapter 5 Mobilizing the Home Front 951 US Treasury Department, “This Is My Fight Too!” Poster, 1942 952 Irving Berlin, “I Paid My Income Tax Today,” Song Lyrics, 1942 963 US Office of Price Administration, Ration Book Cover, Stamps, Instructions, 1942 984 New Jersey League of Women Voters, Leaguesboro‐onthe‐Air, “Black Market” Radio Script, 1943 or 1944? 1025 Newark, New Jersey, Defense Council, “Summary of Meeting on Care of Mothers and Children,” 1942 1076 Christian Commission for Camp and Defense Communities, “Church Letter on War Communities,” Newsletter, 1942 110Chapter 6 The Arsenal of Democracy 1141 Donald M. Nelson, Excerpts from Arsenal of Democracy: The Story of American War Production , 1946 1142 Lee Wilson, Excerpt from Interview, 2006 1203 US National War Labor Board, “Statement from the National War Labor Board to the Parties in Dispute Cases,” 1944 1234 Montgomery Ward Department Store, Flyers Distributed to Employees, and International Longshore and Warehouse Union, Flyer to Union Members, 1943, 1944 1265 Sewell Avery and US Soldiers, Photograph, 1944 1306 Washington Post , “Law and Responsibility,” Editorial, 1944 1317 Janice C. Christensen, Letters to Parents, 1943 1338 Dae D. Baird, Letter to Evelyn E. Baird, July 7, 1944 136Chapter 7 The Quest for Freedom 1391 John Haynes Holmes, Excerpt from “The Case of the Jehovah ’ s Witnesses,” The Christian Century , 1940 1392 Franklin D. Roosevelt, “Executive Order Reaffirming Policy of Full Participation by all Persons, Regardless of Race, Creed, Color, or National Origin,” 1941 1453 Frederick Wells to Harry A. Wann, Memorandum, 1942 1474 Daniel K. Inouye, Excerpt from Journey to Washington , 1967 1495 Charles Kikuchi, Diary Entries, 1942 1516 Cesar Chavez, Excerpt from Cesar Chavez: Autobiography of La Causa , 1975 155Chapter 8 The American Response to the Holocaust 1591 Ferdinand M. Isserman, Excerpt from Sentenced to Death: The Jews in Nazi Germany , 1933 1592 Franklin D. Roosevelt, Public Statement, 1938 1633 Robert Taft, Letter to Allan Tarlish, 1939 1644 Breckinridge Long, Diary Excerpts, 1940, 1942–1944 1665 Myron C. Taylor, Memorandum of Conversation, Letter to Cardinal Maglione, 1942 1696 The New York Times , “11 Allies Condemn Nazi War on Jews,” 1942 1727 Henry Morgenthau, Jr. to Franklin D. Roosevelt, Excerpt from “Personal Report to the President,” Memorandum, 1944 1758 Harold Porter, Letter to Parents, 1945 1829 David Max Eichhorn, Sermon, 1945 18410 Simon Chilewich, Letter to Family, 1945 186Chapter 9 From Strategic Bombing to the Atomic Bomb 1901 Albert Einstein, Letter to Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1939 1902 US Army Air Force, Air War Plan Division, Excerpts from “Munitions Requirements of the AAF for the Defeat of our Potential Enemies,” 1941 1923 Pius XII, Memorandum on Bombing of Civilians, and Myron Taylor, Informal Notes for Discussion with Msgr. Montini, 1942 1954 Interim Committee, Excerpt from Notes of Meeting, 1945 1985 Senior Military Advisors, Excerpts from Minutes of Meeting, 1945 1996 Heads of Governments, United States, China, and the United Kingdom, Potsdam Declaration, 1945 2037 Henry Stimson, Diary Excerpts, 1945 2058 Kurt Vonnegut, “Wailing Shall Be in All the Streets,” 2008 209Chapter 10 Visions of a Postwar World 2171 Henry Luce, Excerpt from “The American Century,” Life , 1941 2172 Wendell Willkie, Excerpt from One World , 1943 2193 Langston Hughes, “My America,” Journal of Educational Sociology , 1943 2214 Winston Churchill, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Joseph Stalin, “Yalta Conference Public Statement,” 1945 2235 United Nations, Excerpt from Charter, 1945 2306 Robert Jackson, Excerpts from Opening Address at Nuremberg War Crimes Trial, 1945 235Chapter 11 Legacies of War 2441 John J. Toffey IV, Excerpt from Jack Toffey ’ s War , 2008 2442 US War Department, Excerpt from Pamphlet, “Going Back to Civilian Life: A Supplement Explaining the Provisions of the ‘GI Bill of Rights,’” 1944 2483 Harvard Crimson , “Wistful Vista II,” 1946; “The Counsellor and the Dean,” 1947 2504 Eli Ginzberg, Excerpt from Breakdown and Recovery , 1959 2535 Mira Ryczke Kimmelman, Excerpt from Life Beyond the Holocaust , 2005 255Chapter 12 Commemoration and Memory 2591 Archibald MacLeish, “Memorials Are For Remembrance,” The Architectural Forum , 1944 2592 Elie Wiesel, Introduction to President ’ s Commission on the Holocaust, Report to the President , 1979 2633 Ronald Reagan, Remarks on Signing the Bill Providing Restitution for the Wartime Internment of Japanese‐American Civilians, 1988 2684 Tom Brokaw, Remarks at the Dedication of the National World War II Memorial, 2004 2705 Geoffrey Wheatcroft, “Munich Shouldn’t be Such a Dirty Word,” Washington Post , 2008 274Bibliography 278Index 285

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