Dr. T.-W. Lee is an associate professor of aerospace and mechanical engineering in the School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy at Arizona State University, USA. His areas of expertise include spray atomization, turbulence, and environmental methods, with innovative methods to solve important thermal-fluid problems. Dr. Lee has published more than 100 peer-reviewed publications and authored three books. His research has been funded by the National Science Foundation, Department of Energy, Federal Aviation Administration, and engine and power generation companies. The Salt River Project (SRP) has funded over 50 research projects since 2001, ranging from renewable energy and fuel cells to steam and hydro-power. His recent work is on AI/machine-learning methods for high-density image data for various thermal, fluid, and environmental applications.

• 1. Introduction. 2. Basic Measurements of Pressure, Temperature, and Flow Rates. 3. Flow Visualization and Image Analysis. 4. Flow Velocity Measurements. 5. Optical Diagnostics for Measurements of Species Concentrations and Temperature. 6. Particle Sizing and Two-Phase Flow Measurements. 7. Gas Sampling Measurements. 8. Scaled Measurements: From Microscale Sensors to Atmospheric Diagnostics. Appendix A. Electronic Devices. Appendix B. Optics. Appendix C. Electromagnetics and Electromagnetic Radiation. Appendix D. Quantum Mechanics and Atomic/Molecular Structure.