Aerospace Propulsion

T.W. Lee, Arizona State University, USAT.W. Lee is currently an Associate Professor in the Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering department at Arizona State University. He has been teaching an Aerospace Propulsion class for the last 15 years and is the author of two books. His research interests include combustion, thermal-fluids, and propulsion systems and current projects include hypersonic inlets and supersonic reactors.

• Series Preface ixPreface xi 1 Introduction to Propulsion Systems 11.1 Conservation of Momentum 71.2 Conservation of Energy (the First Law of Thermodynamics) and Other Thermodynamic Relationships 101.3 One-Dimensional Gas Dynamics 131.4 Heat Transfer 141.5 Standard Atmospheric Air Properties 151.6 Unit Conversion 171.7 Problems 202 Principle of Thrust 212.1 Thrust Configurations 212.2 Thrust Equation 232.3 Basic Engine Performance Parameters 282.4 Propulsion and Aircraft Performance 342.5 Propeller Propulsion 382.6 MATLAB1 Program 392.7 Problems 403 Basic Analyses of Gas-Turbine Engines 433.1 Introduction 433.2 Gas-Turbine Engine as a Power Cycle (Brayton Cycle) 433.3 Ideal-Cycle Analysis for Turbofan Engines 493.4 Turbojets, Afterburners and Ramjets 613.5 Further Uses of Basic Engine Analysis 733.6 MATLAB1 Program 763.7 Problems 774 Gas-Turbine Components: Inlets and Nozzles 814.1 Gas-Turbine Inlets 814.2 Subsonic Diffuser Operation 824.3 Supersonic Inlet Operation 914.4 Gas-Turbine Nozzles 954.5 Problems 985 Compressors and Turbines 1015.1 Introduction 1015.2 Basic Compressor Aero-Thermodynamics 1035.3 Radial Variations in Compressors 1155.4 Preliminary Compressor Analysis/Design 1195.5 Centrifugal Compressors 1205.6 Turbine 1235.7 MATLAB1 Programs 1295.8 Problems 1316 Combustors and Afterburners 1356.1 Combustion Chambers 1356.2 Jet Fuels and Heating Values 1376.3 Fluid Mixing in the Combustor 1416.4 Afterburners 1496.5 Combustor Heat Transfer 1526.6 Stagnation Pressure Loss in Combustors 1536.7 Problems 1557 Gas-Turbine Analysis with Efficiency Terms 1597.1 Introduction 1597.2 Turbofan Engine Analysis with Efficiency Terms 1607.3 MATLAB1 Program 1727.4 Problems 1748 Basics of Rocket Propulsion 1778.1 Introduction 1778.2 Basic Rocketry 1828.3 MATLAB1 Programs 1898.4 Problems 1909 Rocket Propulsion and Mission Analysis 1939.1 Introduction 1939.2 Trajectory Calculations 1959.3 Rocket Maneuvers 2039.4 Missile Pursuit Algorithms and Thrust Requirements 2099.5 Problems 21310 Chemical Rockets 21710.1 Rocket Thrust 21710.2 Liquid Propellant Rocket Engines 22010.3 Solid Propellant Combustion 24410.4 Rocket Nozzles 25210.5 MATLAB1 Program 25610.6 Problems 25611 Non-Chemical Rockets 25911.1 Electrothermal Devices 26111.2 Ion Thrusters 26511.3 Problems 280Bibliography 282Appendices 283Appendix A: Standard Atmospheric Air Properties 283Appendix B: Specific Heats for Air as a Function of Temperature 286Appendix C: Normal Shock Properties 287Appendix D: Oblique Shock Angle Chart 291Appendix E: Polynomial Coefficients for Specific Heat of Selected Gases 292Appendix F: Standard state Gibbs free energy 293Index 295

"Nevertheless this book covers the basics in a clear and easily accessible manner and would serve as a valuable study aid and as a companion text to the number of excellent, more specialised textbooks in this area such as Gas Turbine Theory by Savaranamutto, Rogers, Cohen and Straznicky (Prentice Hall. 2008 - Sixth edition) and Space Propulsion Analysis and Design edited by R. W. Humble et al. (McGraw-Hill Publishing Company. 1995)." (The Aeronautical Journal, 1 June 2014)