Mikael Collan is a tenured Professor of strategic finance at LUT University in Lappeenranta, Finland. He is an ordinary member of the Finnish Society of Sciences and Letters, the oldest of the four Finnish academies of Science and the past president of the Finnish operations research society.   Karl-Erik Michelsen is a Professor at LUT University, Finland, specializing in innovation and technology studies and business history. In 2018, Michelsen was selected the “professor of the year” in Finland.

• Chapter 1: Industry 4.0 in retrospect and in context.- Part 1: Technical Perspectives.- Chapter 2: Additive Manufacturing – Past, Present, and the Future.- Chapter 3: Additive manufacturing from the point of view of materials research.- Chapter 4: Robotics in Manufacturing – The Past and the Present.- Chapter 5: Maintenance management in light of manufacturing 4.0.- Part 2: Manufacturing 4.0 Business models and the economic feasibility of additive manufacturing.- Chapter 6: Industrial additive manufacturing business models - what we know from the literature?.- Chapter 7: Additive manufacturing cases and a vision for a predictive analytics and additive manufacturing based maintenance business model.- Chapter 8: Quantifying the economic feasibility of additive manufacturing - simulating production lifetime in the context of spare parts production.- Chapter 9: Industry 4.0 transformation challenge in light of dynamic capabilities.- Part 3: Societal change brought about by manufacturing 4.0.- Chapter 10: The Fourth Industrial Revolution and Changes to Working Life: What Supports Adult Employees in Adapting to New Technology at Work?.- Chapter 11: Modeling the Societal Division of Added Value Created Through Manufacturing 4.0.- Chapter 12: Coping with Technological Change – Regional Preparedness in Face of Technical Change.- Chapter 13: Closing Words – Quo Vadis Manufacturing 4.0?.