Teaching Math to Multilingual Students, Grades K-8

• PrefaceAcknowledgementsOur Hope for Multilingual LearnersTeachers Who InspireStudying Teacher PracticeInteracting With Multilingual Learners and Their FamiliesPosition Multilingual Learners as Classroom LeadersWhat Research says About PositioningReflecting of Xiao Li′s ExperienceReflecting on Nabil Abadi′s ExperienceReflecting on José López’s ExperiencePositioning Students as ExpertsOne Year LaterReflecting on Why Positioning MattersRecognize How Teachers Position StudentsPositioning Multilingual Learners as LeadersExplicitly Positioning Multilingual Learners as LeadersImplicitly Positioning Multilingual Learners as LeadersStrategies for Positioning Multilingual learners as LeadersThinking About Positioning in Your PracticeFacilitate Multilingual Learners′ Participation in Mathematics ClassroomReflecting on Your Experience with ParticipatingWhat Research Says About Student ParticipationFactors That Influence the Participation of Multilingual LearnersReflecting on Your Experiences with FearOvercoming FearEncountering Unknown ContextsExamining Teaching Strategies That Influence ParticipationStrategies for Facilitating Multilingual Learners’ Participation in MathematicsThinking About Participation in Your PracticeFacilitate Partnerships Between Multilingual Learners and Their PeersSolving a Mathematics Problem with A PartnerSolving a Mathematics Problem with A PartnerQualities of PartnershipsStrategies for Facilitating PartnershipsEstablish Participation Norms With StudentsPractice ComplimentsProvide Concrete ResourcesPay Attention To PairingMonitor How Partners WorkRevisit Partnership Norms With StudentThinking About Partnerships in Your PracticeEngage Multilingual Learners Through Culturally-Relevant ContextsReflecting on the Challenge of Contexts and CultureWhat the Research Says About Contexts in MathematicsStrategies for Engaging Multilingual Learners Through Culturally-Meaningful ContextsThinking about Contexts in your PracticeReach Multilingual Learners with Visuals, Illustrations, and GesturesWhat Research Says About Visuals and GesturesUsing Visuals StrategicallyExamining Ms. Bristow’s Use of Visuals: Dividing CookiesExamining Ms. Bristow’s Use of Visuals: Emphasizing the Meaning of ‘Loose’Emphasizing Mathematical ConnectionsReflecting on Your Use of GesturesUsing Gestures StrategicallyExamining Ms. Bristow’s Use of Gestures: Obstacle CourseExamining Ms. Bristow’s Strategic Use of Visuals and Gestures: Columns and RowsThinking About Visuals and Gestures in Your PracticeStrategies for Using Visuals and GesturesAnalyze Mathematical Work of Multilingual LearnersReflecting on Your ExperiencesWhat Research Says About Analyzing Multilingual Learners’ Mathematical WorkWhat Research Says About Analyzing Multilingual Learners’ Mathematical WorkAnalyzing Additional Student WorkStrategies for Discerning Between Mathematical and Language IssuesExamining Abigail’s WorkExamining Janessa’s WorkThe Importance of Interviewing Multilingual LearnersThinking About Analyzing Multilingual Learner’s Mathematical Work in Your PracticeInvestigate Meanings to Enhance Multilingual Learners’ Language DevelopmentThe Importance of Academic Language for Multilingual LearnersWhat the Research Says About Academic LanguageDistinguishing Between Multiple Meanings of LanguageIntroducing Specialized Mathematics LanguageAmplified Use of Academic LanguageStrategies for Enhance Multilingual Learners’ Language DevelopmentThinking About Academic Language in Your PracticeUse Your Discourse Strategically to Enhance Multilingual Learners’ Opportunity to LearnReflecting on Varieties of English that Influence DiscourseWhat Research Says About DiscourseTeacher DiscourseConnecting Academic Language to Mathematical RepresentationsPosing Questions to Engage Multilingual LearnersPosing Questions to Engage Multilingual LearnersStrategies for Promoting Classroom DiscourseThinking About Your Discourse in Your PracticeFoster a Culture of Writing in the Mathematics ClassroomReflecting on Your ExperiencesWhat Research Says About Writing in MathematicsEstablishing a Need to Write in MathematicsEstablishing a Culture of WritingProviding Feedback on Students’ WritingAnalyzing Students’ WritingStrategies for Fostering a Culture of Writing in Your Mathematics ClassroomReflecting on Mathematical Writing in Your PracticeDevelop Writing in Mathematics for Multilingual LearnersReflecting on Your PracticeMathematical Genres of WritingWhat the Research Says about Mathematical GenresIdentifying Mathematical Writing GenresStrategies for Developing Writing in Mathematics for Multilingual LearnersTeaching PracticesActivitiesReflecting on Your Use of Mathematical Genres in Your PracticeEnhance Curriculum Materials for Multilingual LearnersReflecting on Mathematics CurriculumWhat Research Says About Curriculum Enhancement for Multilingual LearnersStrategies for Crafting Language to Better Support Multilingual LearnersAnalyzing Curriculum Materials for Multilingual LearnersResearch Recommendations for Enacting Mathematics CurriculumRecognizing Different Mathematical Conventions and RepresentationsThinking about Mathematical Conventions and Representations in your PracticeThinking about Curriculum Enhancement in your PracticeEngage with Parents and Families of Multilingual LearnersReflecting on Your ExperiencesWhat the Research Says about Multilingual Parent and Family EngagementMulticultural Parenting StylesCultural ValuesEmphasizing the Value of Family in Your ClassroomExamining Teachers’ and Multilingual Parents’ ExpectationsReframing Multilingual Parental EngagementStrategies for Facilitating Multilingual Family and Parent Engagement in Your ClassroomReflecting on Family Engagement in Your PracticeAppendix A. Additional ResourcesAppendix B. Selected SolutionsReferences

Kathryn Chval and her colleagues exquisitely give the readers opportunities to see inside a classroom with multilingual students, develop empathy, and deeply understand effective practice. The book’s engaging format provides questions for reflection and strategies to try out, connects research to practice, and compels readers to position students for success.