Dmitri Azar MD MBASenior Director of Ophthalmic Innovations and Clinical Lead, Ophthalmology Programs, Alphabet Verily Life Sciences; San Francisco, CA; Distinguished University Professor, BA Field Chair of Ophthalmological Research and Former Medical School Executive Dean, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA Jorge L Alio MD PhD FEBOphthProfessor and Chairman of Ophthalmology, VISSUM Instituto Oftalmológico, Alicante; Division of Ophthalmology, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain M Soledad Cortina MD Associate Professor of Ophthalmology Director, Comprehensive Ophthalmology Faculty Practice (COFP) and General Eye Clinic University of Illinois College of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA Joelle A Hallak MS PhDAssistant Professor, Executive Director Ophthalmic Clinical Trials and Translational Centre; Director Ophthalmic Data Science Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA

• Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Epidemiology of Astigmatism and History of its Surgical ManagementOptics of Regular AstigmatismOptical clinical assessment of astigmatism, surgical vector planning, and analysis of astigmatism for refractive surgeryKeratometry and Placido-based Topography Techniques, Advantages, LimitationsScanning Slit, Scheimpflug Tomography, and OCT in Regular and Irregular AstigmatismMorphogeometric Analysis of the Cornea and its Relation to Corneal AstigmatismCorneal and Total Aberrometry: Orthogonal/Oblique and Secondary High Order Aberrations in AstigmatismThe Aberrated Cornea-Irregular Astigmatism Real World Optics: Topography, Aberrometry and Applications in Refractive SurgeryPreoperative evaluation of astigmatism in Cataract SurgerySurgical planning for the correction of astigmatismPosterior Corneal Astigmatism Measurement Techniques and Preoperative Planning for Cataract SurgeryToric Pseudophakic Intraocular lenses: Materials/Characteristics of Toric Monofocal, Toric Bifocal, and Toric Trifocal IOLsSurgical Techniques: Axis Marking, Toric IOL Positioning, and Incisional ApproachesIntraoperative Alignment TechniquesInduced and Residual Astigmatism after Cataract SurgeryCorrecting astigmatic surprises following toric IOL implantationCataract and Refractive Lens Exchange Surgery in KeratoconusAstigmatic keratotomy and limbal relaxing incisions: principles, indications, nomogramsFemtosecond Arcuate Keratotomy: Principles, Indications, Techniques

Dmitri Azar MD MBASenior Director of Ophthalmic Innovations and Clinical Lead, Ophthalmology Programs, Alphabet Verily Life Sciences; San Francisco, CA; Distinguished University Professor, BA Field Chair of Ophthalmological Research and Former Medical School Executive Dean, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA Jorge L Alio MD PhD FEBOphthProfessor and Chairman of Ophthalmology, VISSUM Instituto Oftalmológico, Alicante; Division of Ophthalmology, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain M Soledad Cortina MD Associate Professor of Ophthalmology Director, Comprehensive Ophthalmology Faculty Practice (COFP) and General Eye Clinic University of Illinois College of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA Joelle A Hallak MS PhDAssistant Professor, Executive Director Ophthalmic Clinical Trials and Translational Centre; Director Ophthalmic Data Science Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA

• Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Epidemiology of Astigmatism and History of its Surgical ManagementOptics of Regular AstigmatismOptical clinical assessment of astigmatism, surgical vector planning, and analysis of astigmatism for refractive surgeryKeratometry and Placido-based Topography Techniques, Advantages, LimitationsScanning Slit, Scheimpflug Tomography, and OCT in Regular and Irregular AstigmatismMorphogeometric Analysis of the Cornea and its Relation to Corneal AstigmatismCorneal and Total Aberrometry: Orthogonal/Oblique and Secondary High Order Aberrations in AstigmatismThe Aberrated Cornea-Irregular Astigmatism Real World Optics: Topography, Aberrometry and Applications in Refractive SurgeryPreoperative evaluation of astigmatism in Cataract SurgerySurgical planning for the correction of astigmatismPosterior Corneal Astigmatism Measurement Techniques and Preoperative Planning for Cataract SurgeryToric Pseudophakic Intraocular lenses: Materials/Characteristics of Toric Monofocal, Toric Bifocal, and Toric Trifocal IOLsSurgical Techniques: Axis Marking, Toric IOL Positioning, and Incisional ApproachesIntraoperative Alignment TechniquesInduced and Residual Astigmatism after Cataract SurgeryCorrecting astigmatic surprises following toric IOL implantationCataract and Refractive Lens Exchange Surgery in KeratoconusAstigmatic keratotomy and limbal relaxing incisions: principles, indications, nomogramsFemtosecond Arcuate Keratotomy: Principles, Indications, Techniques

Dmitri Azar MD MBASenior Director of Ophthalmic Innovations and Clinical Lead, Ophthalmology Programs, Alphabet Verily Life Sciences; San Francisco, CA; Distinguished University Professor, BA Field Chair of Ophthalmological Research and Former Medical School Executive Dean, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA Jorge L Alio MD PhD FEBOphthProfessor and Chairman of Ophthalmology, VISSUM Instituto Oftalmológico, Alicante; Division of Ophthalmology, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain M Soledad Cortina MD Associate Professor of Ophthalmology Director, Comprehensive Ophthalmology Faculty Practice (COFP) and General Eye Clinic University of Illinois College of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA Joelle A Hallak MS PhDAssistant Professor, Executive Director Ophthalmic Clinical Trials and Translational Centre; Director Ophthalmic Data Science Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA

• Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Epidemiology of Astigmatism and History of its Surgical ManagementOptics of Regular AstigmatismOptical clinical assessment of astigmatism, surgical vector planning, and analysis of astigmatism for refractive surgeryKeratometry and Placido-based Topography Techniques, Advantages, LimitationsScanning Slit, Scheimpflug Tomography, and OCT in Regular and Irregular AstigmatismMorphogeometric Analysis of the Cornea and its Relation to Corneal AstigmatismCorneal and Total Aberrometry: Orthogonal/Oblique and Secondary High Order Aberrations in AstigmatismThe Aberrated Cornea-Irregular Astigmatism Real World Optics: Topography, Aberrometry and Applications in Refractive SurgeryPreoperative evaluation of astigmatism in Cataract SurgerySurgical planning for the correction of astigmatismPosterior Corneal Astigmatism Measurement Techniques and Preoperative Planning for Cataract SurgeryToric Pseudophakic Intraocular lenses: Materials/Characteristics of Toric Monofocal, Toric Bifocal, and Toric Trifocal IOLsSurgical Techniques: Axis Marking, Toric IOL Positioning, and Incisional ApproachesIntraoperative Alignment TechniquesInduced and Residual Astigmatism after Cataract SurgeryCorrecting astigmatic surprises following toric IOL implantationCataract and Refractive Lens Exchange Surgery in KeratoconusAstigmatic keratotomy and limbal relaxing incisions: principles, indications, nomogramsFemtosecond Arcuate Keratotomy: Principles, Indications, Techniques