• I. Preface.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Universals.- 3. Language as a Complex System.- II. Property of Population.- 4. Relation Between Rank and Frequency.- 5. Bias in Rank-Frequency Relation.- 6. Related Statistical Universals.- III. Property of Sequence.- 7. Returns.- 8. Long-Range Correlation.- 9. Fluctuation.- 10. Complexity.- IV. Relation to Linguistic Elements and Structure.- 11. Articulation of Elements.- 12. Word Meaning and Value.- 13. Size and Frequency.- 14. Grammatical Structure and Long Memory.- V. Mathematical Model.- 15. Theories Behind Zipf's Law.- 16. Mathematical Generative Models.- 17. Language Models.- VI. Ending Remarks.- 18. Conclusion.- VII. Appendix.- 19. Glossary and Notations.- 20. Mathematical Details.- 21. Data.- References.- Index.

“The chapters and the parts are intelligently curated and well-thought-out to give the subject matter a free-flowing and coherent structure. … The book has a lot of exciting discussions on offer. … the book has a lot to learn from. … The book is unique in the sense that language is presented … . The book provides excellent food for thought. … the book is worth every single second that a reader would be spending on reading it … .” (Firdous Ahmad Mala, risingkashmir.com, January 25, 2022)

• I. Preface.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Universals.- 3. Language as a Complex System.- II. Property of Population.- 4. Relation Between Rank and Frequency.- 5. Bias in Rank-Frequency Relation.- 6. Related Statistical Universals.- III. Property of Sequence.- 7. Returns.- 8. Long-Range Correlation.- 9. Fluctuation.- 10. Complexity.- IV. Relation to Linguistic Elements and Structure.- 11. Articulation of Elements.- 12. Word Meaning and Value.- 13. Size and Frequency.- 14. Grammatical Structure and Long Memory.- V. Mathematical Model.- 15. Theories Behind Zipf's Law.- 16. Mathematical Generative Models.- 17. Language Models.- VI. Ending Remarks.- 18. Conclusion.- VII. Appendix.- 19. Glossary and Notations.- 20. Mathematical Details.- 21. Data.- References.- Index.

“The chapters and the parts are intelligently curated and well-thought-out to give the subject matter a free-flowing and coherent structure. … The book has a lot of exciting discussions on offer. … the book has a lot to learn from. … The book is unique in the sense that language is presented … . The book provides excellent food for thought. … the book is worth every single second that a reader would be spending on reading it … .” (Firdous Ahmad Mala, risingkashmir.com, January 25, 2022)

• I. Preface.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Universals.- 3. Language as a Complex System.- II. Property of Population.- 4. Relation Between Rank and Frequency.- 5. Bias in Rank-Frequency Relation.- 6. Related Statistical Universals.- III. Property of Sequence.- 7. Returns.- 8. Long-Range Correlation.- 9. Fluctuation.- 10. Complexity.- IV. Relation to Linguistic Elements and Structure.- 11. Articulation of Elements.- 12. Word Meaning and Value.- 13. Size and Frequency.- 14. Grammatical Structure and Long Memory.- V. Mathematical Model.- 15. Theories Behind Zipf's Law.- 16. Mathematical Generative Models.- 17. Language Models.- VI. Ending Remarks.- 18. Conclusion.- VII. Appendix.- 19. Glossary and Notations.- 20. Mathematical Details.- 21. Data.- References.- Index.

“The chapters and the parts are intelligently curated and well-thought-out to give the subject matter a free-flowing and coherent structure. … The book has a lot of exciting discussions on offer. … the book has a lot to learn from. … The book is unique in the sense that language is presented … . The book provides excellent food for thought. … the book is worth every single second that a reader would be spending on reading it … .” (Firdous Ahmad Mala, risingkashmir.com, January 25, 2022)