Randy E. Bennett is Chair in Assessment Innovation at Educational Testing Service and Past-President of the National Council on Measurement in Education.Linda Darling-Hammond is Charles E. Ducommun Professor of Education Emeritus at the Stanford Graduate School of Education of Stanford University, USA; President and CEO of the Learning Policy Institute; and Past-President of the American Educational Research Association.Aneesha Badrinarayan is Principal Consultant at Education First Consulting.

• Socioculturally Responsive Assessment: An Introduction Section I: Conceptualization 1. A Descriptive Review of Culturally Responsive, Socioculturally Responsive, and Related Assessment Conceptions 2. Implications of the Science of Learning and Development (SoLD) for Assessments in Education 3. Cultural Validity: Conceptual and Methodological Considerations for Socioculturally Responsive Assessment 4. Assessment for Social Justice With a Focus on American Indigenous Students 5. Transforming Educational Assessment: Implementing Equitable and Inclusive Strategies Section II. Measurement Considerations and Approaches 6. Born Socioculturally Responsive Assessment: An Approach to Design and Development 7. Designing Socioculturally Responsive Assessments Within the Mandated Bookends of K-12 Assessment Systems 8. Examining the Relationship Between the Cultural Relevance of Text and Reading Proficiency: Using a Cultural Relevance Rubric in Reading Assessment 9. Linking Responsive Assessments: Challenges and Possibilities 10. An Evidentiary-Reasoning Lens for Socioculturally Responsive Assessment Section III: Working Examples and Systems-Level Policy Implications 11. Accessibility as a Core Value for Locally Responsive Assessments 12. “A Search for My Voice”: Socioculturally Responsive Assessment in AP Art and Design 13. Socioculturally Responsive Large-Scale Assessment: The Case of the 2026 NAEP Reading Framework 14. A Path to Transforming the Assessment Landscape 15. Enacting Socioculturally Responsive Assessment Design at Scale: Approaches and Policies for Large-Scale Systems Section IV: Research Directions 16. Group Differences Across Scenario-Based Reading Assessments: Examining the Effects of Culturally Relevant Test Content 17. Socioculturally Responsive Post-Secondary Entrance Examination: Implications for Equitable Assessment Design in Sub-Saharan Africa 18. Understanding UNDERSTANDardization Research Conclusion: Socioculturally Responsive Assessment: Present and Future