Mohamed Alaa Abdel-Moneim is Assistant Professor in the Faculty of Economics and Political Science at Cairo University, Egypt, and currently a Professorial Lecturer in the School of International Service at American University. His research focuses on comparative political economy, education reform, and political transition in the Middle East.

• Introduction 1 The First Story: Education that doesn’t pay! 2 The Second Story: The History Story Independence, Oil, and Political Stability 3 The Third Story: Incentives Who Wants Reform and Why? Or Why Not? 4 The Fourth Story: The Story of Reform A Framework 5 The Fourth Story: The Story of Reform (Continued) The Slow and the Swift 6 Conclusion The Arab Awakening, Authoritarianism, and Policy Reforms in Arab Countries

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Mohamed Alaa Abdel-Moneim is Assistant Professor in the Faculty of Economics and Political Science at Cairo University, Egypt, and currently a Professorial Lecturer in the School of International Service at American University. His research focuses on comparative political economy, education reform, and political transition in the Middle East.

• Introduction 1 The First Story: Education that doesn’t pay! 2 The Second Story: The History Story Independence, Oil, and Political Stability 3 The Third Story: Incentives Who Wants Reform and Why? Or Why Not? 4 The Fourth Story: The Story of Reform A Framework 5 The Fourth Story: The Story of Reform (Continued) The Slow and the Swift 6 Conclusion The Arab Awakening, Authoritarianism, and Policy Reforms in Arab Countries

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Mohamed Alaa Abdel-Moneim is Assistant Professor in the Faculty of Economics and Political Science at Cairo University, Egypt, and currently a Professorial Lecturer in the School of International Service at American University. His research focuses on comparative political economy, education reform, and political transition in the Middle East.

• Introduction 1 The First Story: Education that doesn’t pay! 2 The Second Story: The History Story Independence, Oil, and Political Stability 3 The Third Story: Incentives Who Wants Reform and Why? Or Why Not? 4 The Fourth Story: The Story of Reform A Framework 5 The Fourth Story: The Story of Reform (Continued) The Slow and the Swift 6 Conclusion The Arab Awakening, Authoritarianism, and Policy Reforms in Arab Countries

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