Dr. Ahmed Al-Rawi is an Associate Professor of News, Social Media, and Public Communication at the School of Communication at Simon Fraser University. His research interests are related to news, global communication, misinformation, and social media with emphasis on the Middle East and Canada.

• Preface Introduction Chapter 1. Political Activism and the Iraqi National Identity Chapter 2. The Socio-Political Context After 2003 Chapter 3. Social Media, News, and Information Operations in Iraq Chapter 4. Political Activism and Civil Resistance in the 2019 Protests Chapter 5. Iraqiness in Political Activism: The Case of the 2011 and 2019 Protests Chapter 6. Conclusion Index

Dr. Ahmed Al-Rawi is an Associate Professor of News, Social Media, and Public Communication at the School of Communication at Simon Fraser University. His research interests are related to news, global communication, misinformation, and social media with emphasis on the Middle East and Canada.

• Preface Introduction Chapter 1. Political Activism and the Iraqi National Identity Chapter 2. The Socio-Political Context After 2003 Chapter 3. Social Media, News, and Information Operations in Iraq Chapter 4. Political Activism and Civil Resistance in the 2019 Protests Chapter 5. Iraqiness in Political Activism: The Case of the 2011 and 2019 Protests Chapter 6. Conclusion Index

Dr. Ahmed Al-Rawi is an Associate Professor of News, Social Media, and Public Communication at the School of Communication at Simon Fraser University. His research interests are related to news, global communication, misinformation, and social media with emphasis on the Middle East and Canada.

• Preface Introduction Chapter 1. Political Activism and the Iraqi National Identity Chapter 2. The Socio-Political Context After 2003 Chapter 3. Social Media, News, and Information Operations in Iraq Chapter 4. Political Activism and Civil Resistance in the 2019 Protests Chapter 5. Iraqiness in Political Activism: The Case of the 2011 and 2019 Protests Chapter 6. Conclusion Index