About the Editor MEIR RUSS is a Professor in Management at the Austin E. Cofrin School of Business at the University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, Green Bay. He also teaches at KEDGE-Bordeaux School of Management, the University of Pisa, GSA Master program, NORD University, Norway; Master of Knowledge Management program and at Roma-Tre, Rome, Italy Ph.D. program as well as at the Doctorate in "Economia Aziendale e Management" program at the University of Pisa. His research interests include human capital valuation methods, knowledge-based strategies and the new-knowledge based economic development among others. In addition to his academic focus, Dr. Russ serves in a consulting capacity with a number of multinational companies in the area of global strategic management and knowledge management. Dr. Russ is the founding editor of The International Journal of Management and Business (IJMB) and at present he is the Chief Editor of Online Journal of Applied Knowledge Management (OJAKM).

• List of contributors xiiiSeries Editor Foreword – Challenges in Water Management xvPreface xviiIntroduction and a theoretical framework for Knowledge Management for Sustainable Water Systems 1Meir RussPart 1 Organizational and Administrative Aspects of Knowledge Management for Sustainable Water Systems 131 Perspectives from a water research institute on Knowledge Management for Sustainable Water Management 15Janet G. Hering, Lothar Nunnenmacher and Harald von WaldowIntroduction 151.1 The setting – Eawag’s funding, scope and mandate 171.2 Understanding SWM-related demands for KM at Eawag 18 1.3 Current measures to meet SWM-related demands for KM at Eawag 191.3.1 Data management 191.3.2 Management of scientific and technical knowledge 221.3.3 Management of experiential and practical knowledge 231.4 Unresolved issues and challenges in SWM-related KM 241.4.1 Information overload and fatigue 251.4.2 Open access 251.4.3 Quality control and collaborative editing 261.4.4 Resource demands 271.5 Future directions for SWM-related KM 271.6 Concluding comments 28References 292 Information transfer and knowledge sharing by water user associations in China 35Dajun Shen, Xuedong Yu and Ali GunaIntroduction 352.1 Literature review 362.2 WUA set-up and operation in China 382.3 WUA information transfer and knowledge sharing 392.3.1 Basic information 412.3.2 Water use management 442.3.3 Financial management 452.3.4 Infrastructure management 462.3.5 Water trade 472.4 WUA in Shiyang River basin 482.4.1 Water rights allocation 492.4.2 Stakeholders of WUA 492.4.3 Information transfer and knowledge sharing in water use management 502.4.4 Information transfer and knowledge sharing in water tariff management 502.4.5 Information transfer and knowledge sharing of water rights trade 522.5 Suggestions 55References 573 Knowledge Management Systems for urban water sustainability: Lessons for developing nations 61Vallari Chandna and Ana IuscoIntroduction 613.1 Population trends towards urbanization 623.2 Water issues plaguing South Africa 633.3 Evaluating South Africa 643.4 Sweden – the aspirational model 673.5 Urban water sustainability 693.6 Knowledge Management Systems (KMSs) 703.7 Knowledge Management for urban water sustainability in South Africa 713.8 Conclusion 75References 764 A Knowledge Management model for corporate water responsibility 79Fabien MartinezIntroduction 794.1 Corporate water responsibility as a socially oriented process 814.2 Insights from Knowledge Management theory 854.3 Contribution, limitations and implications 884.4 Conclusion 92References 935 How 21st Century Knowledge Management can greatly improve talent management for sustainable water project-teams 99Stephen Atkins, Lesley Gill, Kay Lion, Marie Schaddelee and Tonny TonnyIntroduction 995.1 Talent-requirements or competency modeling as applied to water projects 1015.1.1 Aspects of modern HR management relevant to staffing project teams 1025.1.2 Currently available HR-related online technologies in the public domain 1085.1.3 Practices specific to sustainable water-aid 1095.2 Empirical glimpse at needed competencies for sustainable water projects via HR big data 1105.2.1 Fundamentals of statistical dimension-reduction 1105.2.2 Q-methodology contrasted with traditional R-methodology/questionnaire factor analysis 1105.2.3 Important big data sources for future water-project required talents 1115.2.4 Water-project data source for water-related talents specific to the “war on unsafe water” 1125.2.5 First empirical study of O*Net competencies specific to sustainable water-aid projects 1135.3 How modern knowledge-management technologies can make competency tests “time-affordable” 1165.3.1 A resurgence to computer-adaptive testing afforded by 21st century crowd-sourcing 1195.3.2 Why modern Knowledge Management applied to talent management needs CAT 1205.4 Limitations 1245.5 Future research 1265.6 Conclusion 126References 1296 How sustainable innovations win in the fish industry: Theorizing incumbent-entrant dynamics across aquaculture and fisheries 133Bilgehan Uzunca and Shuk-Ching LiIntroduction 1336.1 Background 1356.1.1 Including sustainability in business value 1356.1.2 Linking sustainable innovations to Incumbent-Entrant Dynamics (IED) 1376.2 Theorizing incumbent-entrant dynamics in the fish industry 1386.2.1 Industry setting – the global fish industry 1386.2.2 The incumbent firms 1406.2.3 The entrants 1416.3 Data and methods 1426.3.1 An analysis of incumbents’ sustainability 1426.3.2 Sample 1456.4 Results 1466.5 Discussion 150References 1527 Decrease in federal regulations in the U.S.: Preparing for dirty water, can Knowledge Management help? 157Breanne ParrIntroduction 1577.1 The Clean Water Act of 1972 1587.1.1 Unsafe water 1587.2 Regulation rollback 1597.3 CWA offenders 1607.3.1 Arsenic and other chemicals in West Virginia 1617.3.2 Chemical spill in West Virginia 1617.3.3 Lead in Michigan 1627.3.4 Escherichia coli (E. coli) in Ontario 1637.3.5 Toxin in Ohio 1647.3.6 Case summary 1657.4 Knowledge Management – dirty water 1657.5 Avoiding non-potable water without federal restrictions 1677.6 Conclusion 168References 169Part 2 Regional Aspects of Knowledge Management for Sustainable Water Systems 1738 Knowledge Management strategies for drinking water protection in mountain forests 175Roland Koeck, Eduard Hochbichler and Harald VacikIntroduction 1758.1 Knowledge Management basics in forest ecosystems 1768.2 Identify and generate knowledge about DWPS in forested catchments 1778.2.1 General outline for knowledge generation 1778.2.2 General knowledge base – the water protection functionality of forest ecosystems 1788.3 Application of the knowledge-base 1808.3.1 The Forest Hydrotope Model – the specific knowledge level 1808.3.2 Best Practices – the general knowledge level 1838.4 Decision Support System – specific examples 1868.5 Knowledge transfer to stakeholders 1878.5.1 Participative stakeholder workshops and panel discussions 1888.5.2 Field excursions to representative forest stands 1898.5.3 Application of Best Practices in a pilot case 1898.5.4 Handbook “Soil Functions for the Water Sector” 1898.5.5 Evaluation 1908.6 Synthesis and lessons learned 190References 1929 Knowledge Management, openness and transparency in sustainable water systems: The case of Eau Méditerranée 197Chris Kimble and Isabelle BourdonIntroduction 1979.1 Background/context 1989.1.1 Big Data 1989.1.2 The regulation of water in France 1999.1.3 New Public Management 1999.1.4 Cross transparency requirements 2009.2 The case study – Eau Méditerranée 2009.2.1 Methodology 2019.2.2 Presentation of the findings from the case study 2029.2.3 Summary of the case study 2059.3 An analysis of the case study 2069.3.1 The traditional approach to Knowledge Management 2079.3.2 Zuboff’s Information Panopticon/Open Source Model 2099.3.3 Foucault’s perspective 2119.4 Lessons to be learned/practical implications 2139.4.1 Granularity 2149.4.2 A diversity of viewpoints 2149.4.3 Closing the loop 2159.5 Knowledge Management and sustainability 215References 21710 Complexity, collective action and water management: The case of Bilbao ria 221Laura Albareda and Jose Antonio CamposIntroduction 22110.1 Conceptual analysis 22510.1.1 Common resources and complexity 22510.1.2 Commons’ governance and collective action 22710.1.3 Water management: From control to adaptive water management 22910.2 Case study: Water management and collective action in the Bilbao estuary 23110.2.1 The estuary’s natural ecosystem as a pole for economic growth: Industrial development and pollution 23210.2.2 Collective action: Bilbao-Biscay Water Consortium 23510.2.3 Water supply, collection and distribution 23710.2.4 The plan for the integral sanitation and clean-up of the estuary 23810.2.5 Building new water sanitation integrated infrastructures 24110.3 Inquiring adaptive water management and Knowledge Management approach 24410.3.1 Bilbao-Biscay Water Consortium: From control to adaptive water management 24410.3.2 Bilbao-Biscay Water Consortium: Analysis of innovative adaptive water management case 24710.4 Conclusions 255Endnotes 256References 25811 Virtual and inter-organizational processes of knowledge creation and Ba for sustainable management of rivers 261Federico Niccolini, Chiara Bartolacci, Cristina Cristalli and Daniela IsidoriIntroduction 26111.1 Theoretical framework 26411.2 Methods 26711.3 Approach 26811.3.1 The Flumen and BIVEE projects. A safe and sustainable future for a dangerous and neglected river 26811.3.2 The BLESS+ project and the SECI model applied to develop solutions for the safety and the sustainable management of a river 27511.4 Conclusion 278References 28212 Water metabolism in the socio-economic system 287Delin Fang and Bin Chen12.1 Background 28712.2 Introduction to water metabolism 28812.3 Review of methodologies for water metabolism 29012.4 Water metabolism in China and its nexus with other resources 29512.5 Conclusions 297References 298Index 301

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About the Editor MEIR RUSS is a Professor in Management at the Austin E. Cofrin School of Business at the University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, Green Bay. He also teaches at KEDGE-Bordeaux School of Management, the University of Pisa, GSA Master program, NORD University, Norway; Master of Knowledge Management program and at Roma-Tre, Rome, Italy Ph.D. program as well as at the Doctorate in "Economia Aziendale e Management" program at the University of Pisa. His research interests include human capital valuation methods, knowledge-based strategies and the new-knowledge based economic development among others. In addition to his academic focus, Dr. Russ serves in a consulting capacity with a number of multinational companies in the area of global strategic management and knowledge management. Dr. Russ is the founding editor of The International Journal of Management and Business (IJMB) and at present he is the Chief Editor of Online Journal of Applied Knowledge Management (OJAKM).

• List of contributors xiiiSeries Editor Foreword – Challenges in Water Management xvPreface xviiIntroduction and a theoretical framework for Knowledge Management for Sustainable Water Systems 1Meir RussPart 1 Organizational and Administrative Aspects of Knowledge Management for Sustainable Water Systems 131 Perspectives from a water research institute on Knowledge Management for Sustainable Water Management 15Janet G. Hering, Lothar Nunnenmacher and Harald von WaldowIntroduction 151.1 The setting – Eawag’s funding, scope and mandate 171.2 Understanding SWM-related demands for KM at Eawag 18 1.3 Current measures to meet SWM-related demands for KM at Eawag 191.3.1 Data management 191.3.2 Management of scientific and technical knowledge 221.3.3 Management of experiential and practical knowledge 231.4 Unresolved issues and challenges in SWM-related KM 241.4.1 Information overload and fatigue 251.4.2 Open access 251.4.3 Quality control and collaborative editing 261.4.4 Resource demands 271.5 Future directions for SWM-related KM 271.6 Concluding comments 28References 292 Information transfer and knowledge sharing by water user associations in China 35Dajun Shen, Xuedong Yu and Ali GunaIntroduction 352.1 Literature review 362.2 WUA set-up and operation in China 382.3 WUA information transfer and knowledge sharing 392.3.1 Basic information 412.3.2 Water use management 442.3.3 Financial management 452.3.4 Infrastructure management 462.3.5 Water trade 472.4 WUA in Shiyang River basin 482.4.1 Water rights allocation 492.4.2 Stakeholders of WUA 492.4.3 Information transfer and knowledge sharing in water use management 502.4.4 Information transfer and knowledge sharing in water tariff management 502.4.5 Information transfer and knowledge sharing of water rights trade 522.5 Suggestions 55References 573 Knowledge Management Systems for urban water sustainability: Lessons for developing nations 61Vallari Chandna and Ana IuscoIntroduction 613.1 Population trends towards urbanization 623.2 Water issues plaguing South Africa 633.3 Evaluating South Africa 643.4 Sweden – the aspirational model 673.5 Urban water sustainability 693.6 Knowledge Management Systems (KMSs) 703.7 Knowledge Management for urban water sustainability in South Africa 713.8 Conclusion 75References 764 A Knowledge Management model for corporate water responsibility 79Fabien MartinezIntroduction 794.1 Corporate water responsibility as a socially oriented process 814.2 Insights from Knowledge Management theory 854.3 Contribution, limitations and implications 884.4 Conclusion 92References 935 How 21st Century Knowledge Management can greatly improve talent management for sustainable water project-teams 99Stephen Atkins, Lesley Gill, Kay Lion, Marie Schaddelee and Tonny TonnyIntroduction 995.1 Talent-requirements or competency modeling as applied to water projects 1015.1.1 Aspects of modern HR management relevant to staffing project teams 1025.1.2 Currently available HR-related online technologies in the public domain 1085.1.3 Practices specific to sustainable water-aid 1095.2 Empirical glimpse at needed competencies for sustainable water projects via HR big data 1105.2.1 Fundamentals of statistical dimension-reduction 1105.2.2 Q-methodology contrasted with traditional R-methodology/questionnaire factor analysis 1105.2.3 Important big data sources for future water-project required talents 1115.2.4 Water-project data source for water-related talents specific to the “war on unsafe water” 1125.2.5 First empirical study of O*Net competencies specific to sustainable water-aid projects 1135.3 How modern knowledge-management technologies can make competency tests “time-affordable” 1165.3.1 A resurgence to computer-adaptive testing afforded by 21st century crowd-sourcing 1195.3.2 Why modern Knowledge Management applied to talent management needs CAT 1205.4 Limitations 1245.5 Future research 1265.6 Conclusion 126References 1296 How sustainable innovations win in the fish industry: Theorizing incumbent-entrant dynamics across aquaculture and fisheries 133Bilgehan Uzunca and Shuk-Ching LiIntroduction 1336.1 Background 1356.1.1 Including sustainability in business value 1356.1.2 Linking sustainable innovations to Incumbent-Entrant Dynamics (IED) 1376.2 Theorizing incumbent-entrant dynamics in the fish industry 1386.2.1 Industry setting – the global fish industry 1386.2.2 The incumbent firms 1406.2.3 The entrants 1416.3 Data and methods 1426.3.1 An analysis of incumbents’ sustainability 1426.3.2 Sample 1456.4 Results 1466.5 Discussion 150References 1527 Decrease in federal regulations in the U.S.: Preparing for dirty water, can Knowledge Management help? 157Breanne ParrIntroduction 1577.1 The Clean Water Act of 1972 1587.1.1 Unsafe water 1587.2 Regulation rollback 1597.3 CWA offenders 1607.3.1 Arsenic and other chemicals in West Virginia 1617.3.2 Chemical spill in West Virginia 1617.3.3 Lead in Michigan 1627.3.4 Escherichia coli (E. coli) in Ontario 1637.3.5 Toxin in Ohio 1647.3.6 Case summary 1657.4 Knowledge Management – dirty water 1657.5 Avoiding non-potable water without federal restrictions 1677.6 Conclusion 168References 169Part 2 Regional Aspects of Knowledge Management for Sustainable Water Systems 1738 Knowledge Management strategies for drinking water protection in mountain forests 175Roland Koeck, Eduard Hochbichler and Harald VacikIntroduction 1758.1 Knowledge Management basics in forest ecosystems 1768.2 Identify and generate knowledge about DWPS in forested catchments 1778.2.1 General outline for knowledge generation 1778.2.2 General knowledge base – the water protection functionality of forest ecosystems 1788.3 Application of the knowledge-base 1808.3.1 The Forest Hydrotope Model – the specific knowledge level 1808.3.2 Best Practices – the general knowledge level 1838.4 Decision Support System – specific examples 1868.5 Knowledge transfer to stakeholders 1878.5.1 Participative stakeholder workshops and panel discussions 1888.5.2 Field excursions to representative forest stands 1898.5.3 Application of Best Practices in a pilot case 1898.5.4 Handbook “Soil Functions for the Water Sector” 1898.5.5 Evaluation 1908.6 Synthesis and lessons learned 190References 1929 Knowledge Management, openness and transparency in sustainable water systems: The case of Eau Méditerranée 197Chris Kimble and Isabelle BourdonIntroduction 1979.1 Background/context 1989.1.1 Big Data 1989.1.2 The regulation of water in France 1999.1.3 New Public Management 1999.1.4 Cross transparency requirements 2009.2 The case study – Eau Méditerranée 2009.2.1 Methodology 2019.2.2 Presentation of the findings from the case study 2029.2.3 Summary of the case study 2059.3 An analysis of the case study 2069.3.1 The traditional approach to Knowledge Management 2079.3.2 Zuboff’s Information Panopticon/Open Source Model 2099.3.3 Foucault’s perspective 2119.4 Lessons to be learned/practical implications 2139.4.1 Granularity 2149.4.2 A diversity of viewpoints 2149.4.3 Closing the loop 2159.5 Knowledge Management and sustainability 215References 21710 Complexity, collective action and water management: The case of Bilbao ria 221Laura Albareda and Jose Antonio CamposIntroduction 22110.1 Conceptual analysis 22510.1.1 Common resources and complexity 22510.1.2 Commons’ governance and collective action 22710.1.3 Water management: From control to adaptive water management 22910.2 Case study: Water management and collective action in the Bilbao estuary 23110.2.1 The estuary’s natural ecosystem as a pole for economic growth: Industrial development and pollution 23210.2.2 Collective action: Bilbao-Biscay Water Consortium 23510.2.3 Water supply, collection and distribution 23710.2.4 The plan for the integral sanitation and clean-up of the estuary 23810.2.5 Building new water sanitation integrated infrastructures 24110.3 Inquiring adaptive water management and Knowledge Management approach 24410.3.1 Bilbao-Biscay Water Consortium: From control to adaptive water management 24410.3.2 Bilbao-Biscay Water Consortium: Analysis of innovative adaptive water management case 24710.4 Conclusions 255Endnotes 256References 25811 Virtual and inter-organizational processes of knowledge creation and Ba for sustainable management of rivers 261Federico Niccolini, Chiara Bartolacci, Cristina Cristalli and Daniela IsidoriIntroduction 26111.1 Theoretical framework 26411.2 Methods 26711.3 Approach 26811.3.1 The Flumen and BIVEE projects. A safe and sustainable future for a dangerous and neglected river 26811.3.2 The BLESS+ project and the SECI model applied to develop solutions for the safety and the sustainable management of a river 27511.4 Conclusion 278References 28212 Water metabolism in the socio-economic system 287Delin Fang and Bin Chen12.1 Background 28712.2 Introduction to water metabolism 28812.3 Review of methodologies for water metabolism 29012.4 Water metabolism in China and its nexus with other resources 29512.5 Conclusions 297References 298Index 301

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About the Editor MEIR RUSS is a Professor in Management at the Austin E. Cofrin School of Business at the University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, Green Bay. He also teaches at KEDGE-Bordeaux School of Management, the University of Pisa, GSA Master program, NORD University, Norway; Master of Knowledge Management program and at Roma-Tre, Rome, Italy Ph.D. program as well as at the Doctorate in "Economia Aziendale e Management" program at the University of Pisa. His research interests include human capital valuation methods, knowledge-based strategies and the new-knowledge based economic development among others. In addition to his academic focus, Dr. Russ serves in a consulting capacity with a number of multinational companies in the area of global strategic management and knowledge management. Dr. Russ is the founding editor of The International Journal of Management and Business (IJMB) and at present he is the Chief Editor of Online Journal of Applied Knowledge Management (OJAKM).

• List of contributors xiiiSeries Editor Foreword – Challenges in Water Management xvPreface xviiIntroduction and a theoretical framework for Knowledge Management for Sustainable Water Systems 1Meir RussPart 1 Organizational and Administrative Aspects of Knowledge Management for Sustainable Water Systems 131 Perspectives from a water research institute on Knowledge Management for Sustainable Water Management 15Janet G. Hering, Lothar Nunnenmacher and Harald von WaldowIntroduction 151.1 The setting – Eawag’s funding, scope and mandate 171.2 Understanding SWM-related demands for KM at Eawag 18 1.3 Current measures to meet SWM-related demands for KM at Eawag 191.3.1 Data management 191.3.2 Management of scientific and technical knowledge 221.3.3 Management of experiential and practical knowledge 231.4 Unresolved issues and challenges in SWM-related KM 241.4.1 Information overload and fatigue 251.4.2 Open access 251.4.3 Quality control and collaborative editing 261.4.4 Resource demands 271.5 Future directions for SWM-related KM 271.6 Concluding comments 28References 292 Information transfer and knowledge sharing by water user associations in China 35Dajun Shen, Xuedong Yu and Ali GunaIntroduction 352.1 Literature review 362.2 WUA set-up and operation in China 382.3 WUA information transfer and knowledge sharing 392.3.1 Basic information 412.3.2 Water use management 442.3.3 Financial management 452.3.4 Infrastructure management 462.3.5 Water trade 472.4 WUA in Shiyang River basin 482.4.1 Water rights allocation 492.4.2 Stakeholders of WUA 492.4.3 Information transfer and knowledge sharing in water use management 502.4.4 Information transfer and knowledge sharing in water tariff management 502.4.5 Information transfer and knowledge sharing of water rights trade 522.5 Suggestions 55References 573 Knowledge Management Systems for urban water sustainability: Lessons for developing nations 61Vallari Chandna and Ana IuscoIntroduction 613.1 Population trends towards urbanization 623.2 Water issues plaguing South Africa 633.3 Evaluating South Africa 643.4 Sweden – the aspirational model 673.5 Urban water sustainability 693.6 Knowledge Management Systems (KMSs) 703.7 Knowledge Management for urban water sustainability in South Africa 713.8 Conclusion 75References 764 A Knowledge Management model for corporate water responsibility 79Fabien MartinezIntroduction 794.1 Corporate water responsibility as a socially oriented process 814.2 Insights from Knowledge Management theory 854.3 Contribution, limitations and implications 884.4 Conclusion 92References 935 How 21st Century Knowledge Management can greatly improve talent management for sustainable water project-teams 99Stephen Atkins, Lesley Gill, Kay Lion, Marie Schaddelee and Tonny TonnyIntroduction 995.1 Talent-requirements or competency modeling as applied to water projects 1015.1.1 Aspects of modern HR management relevant to staffing project teams 1025.1.2 Currently available HR-related online technologies in the public domain 1085.1.3 Practices specific to sustainable water-aid 1095.2 Empirical glimpse at needed competencies for sustainable water projects via HR big data 1105.2.1 Fundamentals of statistical dimension-reduction 1105.2.2 Q-methodology contrasted with traditional R-methodology/questionnaire factor analysis 1105.2.3 Important big data sources for future water-project required talents 1115.2.4 Water-project data source for water-related talents specific to the “war on unsafe water” 1125.2.5 First empirical study of O*Net competencies specific to sustainable water-aid projects 1135.3 How modern knowledge-management technologies can make competency tests “time-affordable” 1165.3.1 A resurgence to computer-adaptive testing afforded by 21st century crowd-sourcing 1195.3.2 Why modern Knowledge Management applied to talent management needs CAT 1205.4 Limitations 1245.5 Future research 1265.6 Conclusion 126References 1296 How sustainable innovations win in the fish industry: Theorizing incumbent-entrant dynamics across aquaculture and fisheries 133Bilgehan Uzunca and Shuk-Ching LiIntroduction 1336.1 Background 1356.1.1 Including sustainability in business value 1356.1.2 Linking sustainable innovations to Incumbent-Entrant Dynamics (IED) 1376.2 Theorizing incumbent-entrant dynamics in the fish industry 1386.2.1 Industry setting – the global fish industry 1386.2.2 The incumbent firms 1406.2.3 The entrants 1416.3 Data and methods 1426.3.1 An analysis of incumbents’ sustainability 1426.3.2 Sample 1456.4 Results 1466.5 Discussion 150References 1527 Decrease in federal regulations in the U.S.: Preparing for dirty water, can Knowledge Management help? 157Breanne ParrIntroduction 1577.1 The Clean Water Act of 1972 1587.1.1 Unsafe water 1587.2 Regulation rollback 1597.3 CWA offenders 1607.3.1 Arsenic and other chemicals in West Virginia 1617.3.2 Chemical spill in West Virginia 1617.3.3 Lead in Michigan 1627.3.4 Escherichia coli (E. coli) in Ontario 1637.3.5 Toxin in Ohio 1647.3.6 Case summary 1657.4 Knowledge Management – dirty water 1657.5 Avoiding non-potable water without federal restrictions 1677.6 Conclusion 168References 169Part 2 Regional Aspects of Knowledge Management for Sustainable Water Systems 1738 Knowledge Management strategies for drinking water protection in mountain forests 175Roland Koeck, Eduard Hochbichler and Harald VacikIntroduction 1758.1 Knowledge Management basics in forest ecosystems 1768.2 Identify and generate knowledge about DWPS in forested catchments 1778.2.1 General outline for knowledge generation 1778.2.2 General knowledge base – the water protection functionality of forest ecosystems 1788.3 Application of the knowledge-base 1808.3.1 The Forest Hydrotope Model – the specific knowledge level 1808.3.2 Best Practices – the general knowledge level 1838.4 Decision Support System – specific examples 1868.5 Knowledge transfer to stakeholders 1878.5.1 Participative stakeholder workshops and panel discussions 1888.5.2 Field excursions to representative forest stands 1898.5.3 Application of Best Practices in a pilot case 1898.5.4 Handbook “Soil Functions for the Water Sector” 1898.5.5 Evaluation 1908.6 Synthesis and lessons learned 190References 1929 Knowledge Management, openness and transparency in sustainable water systems: The case of Eau Méditerranée 197Chris Kimble and Isabelle BourdonIntroduction 1979.1 Background/context 1989.1.1 Big Data 1989.1.2 The regulation of water in France 1999.1.3 New Public Management 1999.1.4 Cross transparency requirements 2009.2 The case study – Eau Méditerranée 2009.2.1 Methodology 2019.2.2 Presentation of the findings from the case study 2029.2.3 Summary of the case study 2059.3 An analysis of the case study 2069.3.1 The traditional approach to Knowledge Management 2079.3.2 Zuboff’s Information Panopticon/Open Source Model 2099.3.3 Foucault’s perspective 2119.4 Lessons to be learned/practical implications 2139.4.1 Granularity 2149.4.2 A diversity of viewpoints 2149.4.3 Closing the loop 2159.5 Knowledge Management and sustainability 215References 21710 Complexity, collective action and water management: The case of Bilbao ria 221Laura Albareda and Jose Antonio CamposIntroduction 22110.1 Conceptual analysis 22510.1.1 Common resources and complexity 22510.1.2 Commons’ governance and collective action 22710.1.3 Water management: From control to adaptive water management 22910.2 Case study: Water management and collective action in the Bilbao estuary 23110.2.1 The estuary’s natural ecosystem as a pole for economic growth: Industrial development and pollution 23210.2.2 Collective action: Bilbao-Biscay Water Consortium 23510.2.3 Water supply, collection and distribution 23710.2.4 The plan for the integral sanitation and clean-up of the estuary 23810.2.5 Building new water sanitation integrated infrastructures 24110.3 Inquiring adaptive water management and Knowledge Management approach 24410.3.1 Bilbao-Biscay Water Consortium: From control to adaptive water management 24410.3.2 Bilbao-Biscay Water Consortium: Analysis of innovative adaptive water management case 24710.4 Conclusions 255Endnotes 256References 25811 Virtual and inter-organizational processes of knowledge creation and Ba for sustainable management of rivers 261Federico Niccolini, Chiara Bartolacci, Cristina Cristalli and Daniela IsidoriIntroduction 26111.1 Theoretical framework 26411.2 Methods 26711.3 Approach 26811.3.1 The Flumen and BIVEE projects. A safe and sustainable future for a dangerous and neglected river 26811.3.2 The BLESS+ project and the SECI model applied to develop solutions for the safety and the sustainable management of a river 27511.4 Conclusion 278References 28212 Water metabolism in the socio-economic system 287Delin Fang and Bin Chen12.1 Background 28712.2 Introduction to water metabolism 28812.3 Review of methodologies for water metabolism 29012.4 Water metabolism in China and its nexus with other resources 29512.5 Conclusions 297References 298Index 301

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