Tej K. Bhatia is Professor of Linguistics and Director of South Asian Languages at Syracuse University. He is a recipient of the Chancellor’s Citation Award for excellence in research. He has published a number of books, articles and book chapters in the areas of bilingualism, multiculturalism, media discourse, socio- and psycho-linguistics, and the structure and typology of English and South Asian languages. Publications include Colloquial Urdu: The Complete Course for Beginners (2000), Colloquial Hindi: The Complete Course for Beginners, 2nd Edition (2007), Advertising and Marketing in Rural India, 2nd Edition (2007), and The New Handbook of Second Language Acquisition (co-edited with William C. Ritchie, 2009). William C. Ritchie is Associate Professor of Linguistics at Syracuse University, where he teaches courses in general linguistics and second-language acquisition. His publications include an edited volume entitled Second Language Acquisition Research: Issues and Implications (1978). He has co-edited four handbooks with Tej K. Bhatia, including Handbook of Child Language Acquisition (1999).

• Acknowledgments xiContributors xiiIntroduction xxiTej K. Bhatia and William C. RitchiePart I Overview and Foundations 1Introduction 3Tej K. Bhatia1 Bilingualism and Multilingualism: Some Central Concepts 5John Edwards2 Conceptual and Methodological Issues in Bilingualism and Multilingualism Research 26Li WeiPart II Neurological and Psychological Aspects of Bilingualism and Multilingualism 53Introduction 55William C. RitchieThe Neurology of Bilingualism and Multilingualism 593 Bilingual Aphasia: Theoretical and Clinical Considerations 61Elizabeth Ijalba, Loraine K. Obler, and Shyamala ChengappaApproaches to Bilingualism, Multilingualism, and Second-Language Acquisition 854 The Bilingual Child 87Ludovica Serratrice5 Bilingualism/Multilingualism and Second-Language Acquisition 109Yuko Goto Butler6 Multilingualism: New Perspectives on Syntactic Development 137Éva Berkes and Suzanne Flynn7 Bilingualism and the Heritage Language Speaker 168Silvina MontrulBilingual and Multilingual Language Use: Knowledge, Comprehension, and Production 1918 Two Linguistic Systems in Contact: Grammar, Phonology, and Lexicon 193Pieter Muysken9 The Comprehension of Words and Sentences in Two Languages 216Judith F. Kroll and Paola E. Dussias10 An Appraisal of the Bilingual Language Production System: Quantitatively or Qualitatively Different from Monolinguals? 244Elin Runnqvist, Ian FitzPatrick, Kristof Strijkers, and Albert CostaBilingualism and Multilingualism: Memory, Cognition, and Emotion 26711 Bilingual Memory 269Roberto R. Heredia and Jeffrey M. Brown12 Bilingualism and Emotion: Implications for Mental Health 292Ines Martinovic and Jeanette AltarribaThe Bilingual’s and Multilingual’s Repertoire: Code-Mixing, Code-Switching, and Communication Accommodation 32113 Code-Switching and Grammatical Theory 323Jeff MacSwan14 Sign Language–Spoken Language Bilingualism and the Derivation of Bimodally Mixed Sentences 351Gerald P. Berent15 Social and Psychological Factors in Language Mixing 375William C. Ritchie and Tej K. Bhatia16 Accommodating Multilinguality 391Itesh Sachdev, Howard Giles, and Anne Pauwels17 Bilingualism and Gesture 417Marianne GullbergPart III Societal Bilingualism/Multilingualism and its Effects 439Introduction 441Tej K. BhatiaLanguage Contact, Maintenance, and Endangerment 44318 The Bilingual and Multilingual Community 445Suzanne Romaine19 Language Maintenance, Language Shift, and Reversing Language Shift 466Joshua A. Fishman20 Linguistic Imperialism and Endangered Languages 495Robert Phillipson and Tove Skutnabb-Kangas21 Multilingualism, Indigenization, and Creolization 517Jeff Siegel22 Multilingualism and Family Welfare 542Xiao-Lei WangBilingualism and Multilingualism: The Media, Education, Literacy, and the Law 56323 Bilingualism and Multilingualism in the Global Media and Advertising 565Tej K. Bhatia and William C. Ritchie24 Bilingual Education 598Wayne E. Wright25 The Impact of Bilingualism on Language and Literacy Development 624Ellen Bialystok26 Bilingualism and Writing Systems 649Benedetta Bassetti27 Multilingualism and Forensic Linguistics 671Tej K. Bhatia and William C. RitchiePart IV Global Perspectives and Challenges: Case Studies 701Introduction 703William C. Ritchie28 Bilingualism and Multilingualism in North America 707William F. Mackey29 Bilingualism in Latin America 725Anna María Escobar30 Bilingualism in Europe 745Andrée Tabouret-Keller31 Turkish as an Immigrant Language in Europe 770Ad Backus32 Multilingualism in Southern Africa 791Nkonko M. Kamwangamalu33 Multilingualism in Greater China and the Chinese Language Diaspora 813Sherman Lee and David C. S. Li34 Bilingualism and Multilingualism in South Asia 843Tej K. Bhatia and William C. Ritchie35 Multilingualism and Language Renewal in Ex-Soviet Central Asia 871Birgit N. Schlyter36 Bilingualism/Multilingualism in the Middle East and North Africa: A Focus on Cross-National and Diglossic Bilingualism/Multilingualism 899Judith RosenhouseIndex 920

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