Handbook of Linguistics

Mark Aronoff is Distinguished Professor of Linguistics at the State University of New York at Stony Brook, USA. His research touches on almost all aspects of morphology and its relation to other aspects of language. He is a member of a team studying a newly-created sign language, Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language, and he has served as Editor of Language, the Journal of the Linguistic Society of America, and as President of the Society. He is a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Janie Rees-Miller is professor emerita of Modern Languages at Marietta College, USA. Before retirement, she held the William R. and Marie Adamson Flesher Chair in the Humanities. She established the ESL Program at Marietta College, USA and served as its director for over 20 years. She also taught linguistics courses for undergraduates and acted as an editor with Mark Aronoff of Contemporary Linguistics (2017), now in its seventh edition. Her research interests include second language pedagogy, pragmatics, Native American languages, and making linguistics accessible to non-linguists.

• List of Contributors ixPreface to the Second Edition xiPreface to the First Edition xiiiList of Abbreviations xviiPart I Starting Points 11. Origins of Language 3Andrew Carstairs-McCarthy2. Languages of the World 21Bernard Comrie3. Typology and Universals 39William Croft4. Field Linguistics: Gathering Language Data from Native Speakers 57Pamela Munro5. Writing Systems 75Peter T. DanielsPart II Theoretical Bases 956. The History of Linguistics: Approaches to Linguistics 97Lyle Campbell7. Generative Grammar: Rule Systems for Describing Sentence Structure 119Thomas Wasow8. Functional Linguistics: Communicative Functions and Language Structure 141Robert D. Van Valin, Jr.Part III Core Fields 1599. Linguistic Phonetics: The Sounds of Languages 161John Laver10. Phonology: Sound Structure 185Abigail C. Cohn11. Morphology 211Andrew Spencer12. The Lexicon 235D. A. Cruse13. Syntax 255Mark C. Baker14. Formal Semantics 279Shalom Lappin15. Historical Linguistics: Language Change Over Time 299Brian D. JosephPart IV Languages and the Mind 32116. Neurolinguistics 323David Caplan17. Psycholinguistics 345Kiel Christianson18. Sign Languages 371Wendy Sandler and Diane Lillo-Martin19. First Language Acquisition 397Brian MacWhinneyPart V Languages in Use 41520. Pragmatics: Language and Communication 417Ruth Kempson21. Discourse Analysis 445Agnes Weiyun He22. Linguistics and Literature 463Nigel Fabb23. Linguistic Anthropology and Ethnolinguistics 479Steven P. Black and Elizabeth A. Falconi24. Sociolinguistic Theory: Systematic Study of the Social Uses of Language 505J. K. Chambers25. Language Variation: Sociolinguistic Variationist Analysis 519Kirk Hazen26. Multilingualism 541Suzanne Romaine27. Second Language Acquisition: One Person with Two Languages 557Vivian CookPart VI Applications of Linguistics 58328. Second Language Pedagogy: Where Theory Meets Practice 585Janie Rees-Miller29. Educational Linguistics 603James Paul Gee30. Linguistics and Reading 617Rebecca Treiman31. Language and Law 627Roger W. Shuy32. Translation 645Christoph Gutknecht33. Language Planning and Policy 655Kathryn D. Stemper and Kendall A. KingIndex 675