Gregory's Pediatric Anesthesia

The Editors DEAN B. ANDROPOULOS, MD, Anesthesiologist-in-Chief, Texas Children's Hospital, and Professor of Anesthesiology and Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA GEORGE A. GREGORY, MD, Professor Emeritus, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care and Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA

• List of Contributors viiPreface xiiList of Abbreviations xiiiPart 1 Principles of Pediatric Anesthesia1 Ethics and Professionalism in Pediatric Anesthesia 1David B. Waisel2 History of Pediatric Anesthesia 17T.C.K. Brown3 Education in Pediatric Anesthesiology: Practice in the Present with the Future in Mind 45Stephanie A. Black, Justin L. Lockman, and Alan Jay Schwartz4 An Introduction to the Ethical Design, Conduct, and Analysis of Pediatric Clinical Trials 56Myron Yaster, Jeffrey Galinkin, and Mark S. Schreiner5 Development of the Cardiovascular System 76Barry D. Kussman and Wanda C. Miller-Hance6 Developmental Physiology of the Cardiovascular System 100Dean B. Andropoulos7 Developmental Physiology of the Respiratory System 120Roland Neumann, Maria Victoria Fraga, Susan H. Guttentag, Dean B. Andropoulos, and Britta S. von Ungern-Sternberg8 Developmental Physiology of the Central Nervous System 143Zoel Quinonez, R. Blaine Easley, Bruno Bissonnette, and Ken M. Brady9 Developmental Physiology of the Liver, Gastrointestinal Tract, and Renal System 164Peter N. Bromley, Ellen Rawlinson, Zoe Harclerode, and James Bennett10 Pharmacology 191Jean X. Mazoit11 Fluids, Electrolytes, and Nutrition 226Peggy McNaull and Adam Suchar12 Coagulation, Bleeding, and Blood Transfusion 247Laura A. Downey, Margo R. Rollins, and Bruce E. Miller13 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation 276Todd J. Kilbaugh, Robert M. Sutton, Ryan Morgan, Alexis A. Topjian, Vinay M. Nadkarni, and Robert A. BergPart 2 Pediatric Anesthesia Management14 Anxiety, Psychological Preparation, Awareness, and Behavior Change 298Michelle Wright and Mike Sury15 Principles of the Pediatric Perioperative Surgical Home 312Lynne Ferrari16 Pediatric Airway Management 323John E. Fiadjoe, Paul A. Stricker, and Ronald S. Litman17 Induction of, Maintenance of, and Emergence from Anesthesia 356Remek Kocz, James Armstrong, and Jerrold Lerman18 Postanesthesia Care Unit Management 386Warwick Ames and Allison Kinder Ross19 Monitoring and Vascular Access 406Dean B. Andropoulos20 Pediatric Regional Anesthesia 444Claude EcoffeyPart 3 Practice of Pediatric Anesthesia21 Anesthesia for Fetal Intervention and Surgery 475Olutoyin A. Olutoye, Mark Rosen, and Mark D. Rollins22 Anesthesia for Premature Infants 505George A. Gregory23 Anesthesia for the Full-term and Ex-premature Infant 524Neil S. Morton, Ross Fairgrieve, Anthony Moores, and Ewan Wallace24 Anesthesia for the Adolescent and Young Adult Patient 548Rahul G. Baijal and Dean B. Andropoulos25 Anesthesia for Neurosurgical Procedures 571Nicholas Carling, Ken M. Brady, Bruno Bissonnette, and R. Blaine Easley26 Anesthesia for Thoracic Surgery 607Faith Ross, Grant McFadyen, Stefan Budac, Lynn D. Martin, and Michael Richards27 Anesthesia for Congenital Heart Disease 626David Whiting, James A. DiNardo, and Kirsten C. Odegard28 Anesthesia for Non-cardiac Surgery in Patients with Congenital Heart Disease 689Erin A. Gottlieb29 Anesthesia for Spinal Surgery in Children 714Joseph D. Tobias30 Anesthesia for Transplantation 740Manchula Navaratnam, Stephen A. Stayer, Glynn Williams, and Dean B. Andropoulos31 Anesthesia for Abdominal Surgery 793Lena S. Sun, Neeta R. Saraiya, and Philipp J. Houck32 Anesthesia for Pediatric Urological Procedures 813Laura N. Zeigler, Katharina B. Modes, and Jayant K. Deshpande33 Anesthesia for Orthopedic Surgery 834Cathy R. Lammers, Cecile Wyckaert, and Julianna Clark-Wronski34 Otolaryngological and Dental Surgery 857Olutoyin A. Olutoye, Arvind Chandrakantan, and Mehernoor Watcha35 Anesthesia for Ophthalmological Surgery 881Julia Chen and Olutoyin A. Olutoye36 Anesthesia for Plastic and Craniofacial Surgery 893Ehrenfried Schindler, Markus Martini, and Martina Messing-Jünger37 Pain Management in Children 929Christine Greco and Charles Berde38 Outpatient Anesthesia 955Joseph A. Scattoloni, Olubukola O. Nafiu, Shobha Malviya, and Dean B. Andropoulos39 Anesthesia for Trauma 979Monica S. Vavilala and Sarah A. Lee40 Anesthesia for Burns 996Gennadiy Fuzaylov41 Anesthesia and Sedation Outside the Operating Room 1012Mohamed Mahmoud, Robert S. Holzman, and Keira P. Mason42 Pediatric Intensive Care 1041Rajeev Wadia, Becky J. Riggs, Dheeraj Goswami, Jamie McElrath Schwartz, and Melania M. Bembea43 Anesthesia for the Patient with a Genetic Syndrome 1085David Mann, Priscilla J. Garcia, and Dean B. Andropoulos44 Pediatric Anesthesia in Developing Countries 1106Adrian T. BosenbergPart 4 Quality, Outcomes, and Complications in Pediatric Anesthesia45 Clinical Complications in Pediatric Anesthesia 1118Randall Flick, Christina M. Pabelick, Tracy E. Harrison, Kara A. Bjur, and Elena Ashikhmina46 Impact of Pediatric Surgery and Anesthesia on Brain Development 1151Andreas W. Loepke and Sulpicio G. Soriano47 Patient Simulation and its Use in Pediatric Anesthesia 1182Anita Honkanen, Michael I. Chen, and David A. Young48 Databases, Registries, and Outcome Research in Pediatric Anesthesia 1208Joseph Cravero49 Electronic Anesthesia Records: Anesthesia Information Management Systems 1227Allan F. Simpao and Mohamed A. Rehman50 Operating Room Safety, Communication, and Teamwork,1243Thomas L. Shaw, Lauren M. Y. Lobaugh, and Stephen A. StayerAppendicesAppendix A: Pediatric Anesthesia Drugs and Other Treatments in the Perioperative Period 1258Dean B. AndropoulosAppendix B: Pediatric Normal Laboratory Values 1263Dean B. AndropoulosIndex 1281