Global Political Economy of Trade Protectionism and Liberalization

University of Sheffield, UK

• 1. Introduction 2. The Multifibre Arrangement 3. The political economy of trade liberalization in textiles and clothing 4. The ‘winners’ and ‘losers’ of trade liberalization in textiles and clothing 5. The EU, China and textiles diplomacy under the WTO 6. The WTO Agreement on Textiles and Clothing and the Caribbean ‘offshore’ development Model 7. The African Growth and Opportunity Act and the politics of preference erosion in the WTO Doha ‘Development’ Round 8. Conclusion

'Tony Heron has produced a work of extraordinary insight. His book opens up the black box of textile and clothing protectionism to show how policy choices taken in the 1950s and 1960s by the industrial countries continue to act as brakes on trade-led development in areas of the global South. Throughout the reader is treated to empirical insight and theoretical clarity. This is a must read for all interested in the political economy of trade.' - Rorden Wilkinson, Professor of International Political Economy and Research Director of the Brooks World Poverty Institute at the University of Manchester'Textiles are used in aircraft, packaging, cars, cleaning up oil spills, and of course everyone still wears clothes however dismal contemporary fashion has become. The industry’s dynamism has been the font of many an industrial revolution and the undoing of more than one personal or national fortune. The textile and clothing sector is huge, ubiquitous, tied to both culture and the forefront of industrial innovation, but is seldom considered ‘sexy’ enough to warrant ongoing scholarly enquiry (‘bra-wars’ notwithstanding). Yet the sector contains many clues to a better understanding of global market integration, development, corporate strategy, and international trade and investment patterns that render it anything but a banality to the understanding of our world. This book picks up a continuing tale of long-standing hypocrisy of western liberalisers and the elusive search by state and corporate actors to grasp the secrets of an ephemeral international division of labour. In doing so the book explodes a number of myths of globalisation: corporate and national development strategies are far from being driven principally by an endless search for low wages, or how would economies ever have become rich in the process? The book shows how corporate and state interests conspire to rig the terms of competition in ways pregnant with unintended consequences, demonstrating once again how economies seldom work as the textbooks or our intuition tell us they do. There are lessons here for policy-makers, business, and economics alike.' - Geoffrey R.D. Underhill, Professor of International Governance at the University of Amsterdam'This thorough and rich study sheds new light on the politics of protectionism of a vital sector in the multilateral trading regime. Tony Heron successfully treads the fine balance of offering the reader key details about the rules and negotiations that underpin the textiles’ sector, while simultaneously keeping an eye on the big picture and extending his analysis to the present day. This book constitutes a valuable addition to the field of WTO studies, and will serve as essential reading for students and scholars of International Political Economy.' - Dr Amrita Narlikar, Reader in International Political Economy, University of Cambridge.