Food: A British History, 1800–1914

Peter Atkins is Emeritus Professor of Geography at the University of Durham. His principal interest over several decades has been food history, with particular reference to perishable foodstuffs, and the geography of food generally.

• Volume I: The Food System: Economics, Politics, TechnologyGeneral IntroductionTimelineVolume I IntroductionPart 1. An Outline of the British Food System1.1 What is Food?1. Anon., ‘Oddities of Eating and Drinking’, All the Year Round (2 November, 1889), pp. 420-261.2 Food Production: Rural2. [William Thomas] ‘Market Gardens’, Household Words (2 July, 1853), pp. 409-143. [HENRY MORLEY] ‘THE FARMER OF TIPTREE HALL’, Household Words (7 August 1852), pp. 477-824. WILLIAM BEAR, ‘THE FOOD SUPPLY OF MANCHESTER. I: VEGETABLE PRODUCE’, Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England vol. 3 (1897), pp. 205-285. HEDGER WALLACE, ‘OUR PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION OF WHEAT’, Chambers’s Journal (6 July 1895), pp. 419-226. RICHARD BANNISTER AND PETER SIMMONDS, ‘OUR BUTTER SUPPLY’, Journal of the Royal Society of Arts vol. 36 (1888), pp. 981-10001.3 Food Production: Urban7. [ANON.], ‘A DAY AT A LONDON DAIRY’, Penny Magazine¸10 (1841), pp. 297-3048. THOMAS BEAMES, THE ROOKERIES OF LONDON, (London: Bosworth, 1852), pp. 110-11, 213-14 9. JOHN CHALMERS MORTON, ‘ON LONDON MILK’, Journal of the Society of Arts (15 December 1865), pp. 65-7810. ARTHUR BAXTER, ‘COW-KEEPERS’, Charles Booth (Ed.) Life and Labour of the People in London. Volume VII: Population Classified by Trades (London: Macmillan, 1896), pp. 173-1711. HENRY LITTLEJOHN, ‘SANITARY CONDITION OF THE BYRES’, Report on the Sanitary Condition of the City of Edinburgh (Edinburgh: Colston, 1865), pp. 50-612. [THOMAS] DUNHILL (1848) ‘SANITARY EVILS FROM SLAUGHTER-HOUSES IN TOWNS’, Chambers’s Edinburgh Journal (23 September, 1848), pp. 206-07Part 1.4 Food Imports13. JAMES CAIRD, THE LANDED INTEREST AND THE SUPPLY OF FOOD, (London: Cassell, 1878), pp. 1-714. [Sir Archibald Alison], ‘FREE TRADE AND PROTECTION’, Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine [March 1844], pp. 385-40015. [MARSHALL, F.] ‘OUR FOREIGN FOOD’, Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine vol. 152 (1892), pp. 175-93Part 1.5 Plantations and Slavery16. BRAITHWAITE POOLE, ‘THE SUGAR TRADE’, The Commerce of Liverpool (London: Longman, 1854), pp. 69-7617. ANON., ‘NEGRO EMANCIPATION – SUGAR AND SLAVERY’, Spectator (25 May 1833), pp. 473-7418. ANON., ‘SUGAR AND SLAVERY’, Spectator (15 June 1844), pp. 565-6619. JOSEPH HATTON, ‘COCOA’, English Illustrated Magazine (April 1892), pp. 542-50Part 2. Urban Food Supply, Transport and Markets2.1 Urban Food Supply20. ARTHUR ADCOCK, ‘LONDON’S FOOD SUPPLY’, in Sims, G.R. (Ed.) Living London, vol. 3 (London: Cassell, 1903), pp. 293-9921. [WYNTER, A.], THE LONDON COMMISSARIAT’, Quarterly Review vol. 95 (1854), pp. 271-30822. [HUBERT LLEWELLYN SMITH], ‘THE FOOD OF LONDON’, Quarterly Review vol. 190 (1899), pp. 467-86 and vol. 191 (1900), pp. 117-3723. WILLIAM BEAR, ‘THE FOOD SUPPLY OF MANCHESTER. II: ANIMAL PRODUCE’, Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England series 3, vol. 8 (1897), pp. 490-515Part 2.2 Fish24. GEORGE DODD, THE FOOD OF LONDON, (London: Longman, 1856)25. SAMUEL SALT, FACTS AND FIGURES PRINCIPALLY RELATING TO RAILWAYS AND COMMERCE (London: Longman, 1848), pp. 3, 10126. FOOD COMMITTEE OF THE SOCIETY OF ARTS, ‘EVIDENCE OF MR CHARLES’, Journal of the Society of Arts (24 January 1868), pp. 156-61Part 2.3 Food Markets27. HENRY LACEY, PICTORIAL LIVERPOOL, (Liverpool: Lacey, 1845), pp. 233-4028. HENRY G. DUFFIELD, THE POCKET COMPANION; OR STRANGER’S GUIDE TO MANCHESTER, (Manchester: Heywood, 1850), pp. 40-129. ANON., ‘A LOOKING-GLASS FOR LONDON: MARKETS – SMITHFIELD AND BILLINGSGATE’, Penny Magazine (12 August 1837), pp. 307-1030. W.W. GLENNY, ‘THE FRUIT AND VEGETABLE MARKETS OF THE METROPOLIS’, Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England series 3, vol. 7 (1896), pp. 53-6731. ANON., ‘AMONG THE FRUIT MERCHANTS’, All the Year Round (26 February 1887), pp. 134-4732. E.R. YOUNGHUSBAND, ‘NOTES AND MEMORANDA’, Economic Review vol. 3 (1893), pp. 406-11Part 3. Manufacturing and RetailingPart 3.1 Food Retailing33. THOMAS MILLER, PICTURESQUE SKETCHES OF LONDON PAST AND PRESENT, (London: Office of the National Illustrated Library, 1852)34. ADOLPHE SMITH AND JOHN THOMSON, STREET LIFE IN LONDON, (London: Low, 1877), pp. 84-735. NATHANIEL WHITTOCK, THE COMPLETE BOOK OF TRADES, (London: Tegg, 1842), pp. 25-7, 81-236. JOSEPH ADSHEAD, DISTRESS IN MANCHESTER, (London: Hooper, 1842), pp. 42-537. GEORGE DODD, THE FOOD OF LONDON, (London: Longman, 1856), pp. 503-243.2 Women Traders38. ARTHUR BAXTER, ‘DAIRYMEN’, in Charles Booth (Ed.) Life and Labour of the People in London. Volume VII: Population Classified by Trades (London: Macmillan, 1896), pp. 177-8539. HENRY STEPHENS, THE BOOK OF THE FARM, (Edinburgh: Blackwood 1842), vol. 1, p. 228; Vol. 3, pp. 900-240. [JOHN TIMBS], ILLUSTRATIONS OF HUMANITY: XXVII – THE MILK TRADE OF LONDON, London Saturday Journal (July, 1841), pp. 2-341. GEORGE DODD, THE FOOD OF LONDON, (London: Longman 1856), pp. 292-9342. HENRY MAYHEW (1861) OF MILK SELLING IN ST JAMES’S PARK, IN IDEM., LONDON LABOUR AND THE LONDON POOR, VOL. 1., (London: Woodfall 1851), pp. 191-1923.3 The Rise of Food Capitalism, Brands, Trade Marks, Advertising43. REPORT … RELATIVE TO THE GRIEVANCES COMPLAINED OF BY THE JOURNEYMEN BAKERS, B.P.P. 1862 (3027) xlvii.1244. ANON., ‘LEAKAGES OF TRADE. II: THE TRADE-MARK AS SAFEGUARD’, The Times (22 January 1909), pp. 15-1645. J.R. CHARTER, ‘WHY YOU SHOULD REFUSE SUBSTITUTES’, Quiver 45 (July 1910), pp. 18-1946. ANON., ‘A CAMBRIDGE FRUIT FARM’, Ludgate Illustrated Magazine (November 1894), pp. 87-9247. ANON., ‘VISIT TO A CHOCOLATE MANUFACTORY’, Chambers’s Edinburgh Journal (30 October 1852), pp. 280-8148. ANON., ‘THE PIONEERS OF A GREAT INDUSTRY, Pall Mall Magazine (December 1908, supplement), pp. 3-449. J.A. DALE, ‘BOURNVILLE’, Economic Review (January 1907), pp. 13-2750. CLEMENTINA BLACK, ‘THE CHOCOLATE-MAKERS’ STRIKE’, Nineteenth Century (August 1890), pp. 305-143.4 Prices and Food Economics51. SECOND REPORT FROM THE SELECT COMMITTEE APPOINTED TO INQUIRE INTO THE STATE OF AGRICULTURE, B.P.P. 1836 (189) xv.512-1352. RETURN OF THE PRICES OF […] PRICES OF BREAD AND MEAT BOUGHT BY THE COMMISSARIAT DEPARTMENT, DURING EACH OF THE YEARS 1836 to 1849, B.P.P. 1850 (HC. 213) xxxv.4-5 [images 364-365]53. MEMORANDA, STATISTICAL TABLES, AND CHARTS PREPARED IN THE BOARD OF TRADE WITH REFERENCE TO VARIOUS MATTERS BEARING ON BRITISH AND FOREIGN TRADE AND INDUSTRIAL CONDITIONS B.P.P. 1903 (CD. 1761) LXVII.233 [IMAGE 535]; AND SECOND SERIES OF MEMORANDA, STATISTICAL TABLES, AND CHARTS, B.P.P. 1905 (CD.2337) LXXXIV. 214, 218, 222 [IMAGES 274, 278, 282]3.5 The Truck System54. ALFRED HARVEY, ‘TRUCK’, Good Words (January 1871), pp. 608-1655. DAVID BAILEY, THE TRUCK SYSTEM: A BOOK FOR MASTERS AND WORKMEN (London: Pitman, 1859), pp. 21-2256. EVIDENCE OF FRANCIS KELLY, REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONERS APPOINTED TO INQUIRE INTO THE TRUCK SYSTEM, VOL. II: MINUTES OF EVIDENCE, B.P.P. 1871 (C. 327) xxxvi. 281Part 4. Food Policy4.1 Was Britain Able to Feed Itself?57. JAMES LONG, ‘CAN THE EMPIRE FEED ITS PEOPLE?’, Nineteenth Century (January 1896), pp. 16-274.2 Domestic Policy: Food Riots58. ANON., ‘BREAD RIOTS IN LONDON AND LIVERPOOL’, Leader (24 February, 1855), pp. 178-7959. CHRONICLE, FEBRUARY, 1855, The Annual Register for the Year 1855 (London: Rivington, 1856), pp. 32-360. ANON., ‘RIOT IN EXETER’, The Times (6 November 1867), p. 74.3 Food and Empire61. ANON., ‘CURRY’, Saturday Review (11 August 1888), p. 173-7562. F.E.W., ‘CURRY CLUBS’, Graphic (28 February 1885), pp. 21963. BEHRAMJI MALABARI, THE INDIAN EYE ON ENGLISH LIFE, (Westminster: Constable, 1893), pp. 45-474.4 Army Rations, Food and War64. APPENDIX V: MEAT RATIONS, COMMITTEE TO INQUIRE INTO QUESTION OF SOLDIERS’ DIETARY. REPORT, B.P.P. 1889 (C.5742) xvii.3365. HENRY SETON-KARR, ‘ENGLAND’S FOOD SUPPLY IN TIME OF WAR’, North American Review vol. 164 (1897), pp. 651- 6366. REPORT OF THE ROYAL COMMISSION ON SUPPLY OF FOOD AND RAW MATERIAL IN TIME OF WAR, VOL. I. THE REPORT, B.P.P. 1905 (Cd. 2643) xxxix.4-10 and 58-62 [images 58-62 and 70-74]Part 5. Particular Foods5.1 Potatoes67. WILLIAM COBBETT, COTTAGE ECONOMY, (London: Author 1831), paragraphs 79-8268. ANON., PERAMBULATING POTATO MERCHANTS, London Saturday Journal (8 May 1841), p. 21869. ANON., OUR POTATO-SUPPLY, Chambers’s Journal (29 September 1883), pp. 609-6115.2 Milk70. CHARLES DICKENS (JR.), DICKENS’S DICTIONARY OF LONDON: AN UNCONVENTIONAL HANDBOOK, (London: All the Year Round Office 1879), p.18171. R. HENRY REW, AN INQUIRY INTO THE STATISTICS OF THE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION OF MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS IN GREAT BRITAIN, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society (January 1892) 279-8672. ANON., THREE MONTHS IN THE LONDON MILK TRADE, Economic Review (April, 1894), pp. 177-8873. REGINALD DUDFIELD, THE MILK SUPPLY OF THE METROPOLIS, Public Health (March 1904), pp. 345-5474. CHARLES HASSARD, THE MILK TRADE FROM WITHIN, Economic Review (January and April 1905), pp. 74-84, 203-115.3 Bread75. A NATIVE OF BIRMINGHAM, TO THE EDITOR: BAKING AND COOKING COMPANIES, The Times (26 December 1855), p.1076. ELIZA ACTON, THE ENGLISH BREAD-BOOK, (London: Longman 1857), v, 85, 198-20077. ANDREW WYNTER, AERATED BREAD, OUR SOCIAL BEES; OR, PICTURES OF TOWN & COUNTRY LIFE, AND OTHER PAPERS, (London: Hardwicke 1865), pp. 159-6478. JAMES GREENWOOD, OUR DAILY BREAD, IN STRANGE COMPANY: BEING THE EXPERIENCES OF A ROVING CORRESPONDENT, (London: King 1873), pp. 262-705.4 Margarine79. ANON., OLEOMARGARINE, SATURDAY REVIEW, (28 February 1880), pp. 280-8180. ANON., SHAM BUTTER, Chambers’s Journal (15 May 1880), 319-2081. ANON., BUTTERINE, CHAMBERS’S JOURNAL, (13 February 1886), pp. 109-11082. BUTTER, CHEESE, AND MARGARINE FACTORIES AND WORKSHOPS, IN CENSUS OF PRODUCTION (1907)ReferencesIndex