Extemporaneous Ophthalmic Preparations

Eman Alghamdi is a Senior Drug Safety Expert and clinical pharmacist with over 15 years of experience in pharmacovigilance, pharmacoepidemiology, hospital pharmacy, and regulatory science. Her early work in tertiary care involved sterile and nonsterile compounding, formulary management, drug information, and ophthalmology support. She developed guidelines for extemporaneous ophthalmic preparations, addressing stability and safety challenges. At the Saudi Food and Drug Authority, she leads national and international initiatives in drug safety, real‑world evidence, and risk–benefit assessment, and is an active researcher recognized through awards and professional leadership roles. Abdulmalik Al Qahtani is a consultant ophthalmologist specializing in anterior segment surgery with more than 20 years of clinical experience in cornea, cataract, and refractive procedures. He practices at Prince Sultan Military Medical City in Riyadh and has served as Head of Ophthalmology and Head of the Anterior Segment Division in major tertiary centers. He completed his fellowship at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital and holds advanced degrees in public policy and health economics from the University of Chicago and the London School of Economics. He has authored peer‑reviewed research and is active in national and international ophthalmology conferences. Mazen Mohammad Sinjab is a senior ophthalmic surgeon, professor, and head of the Ophthalmology Department at Dr Sulaiman Al Habib Hospital in Dubai. A fellow and examiner of the Royal College of Ophthalmologists and the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, he specializes in cataract, refractive surgery, and keratoconus, with expertise in tomography, wavefront, and biometry. He is a leading educator, delivering thousands of lectures and founding Sinjab Academy, a global platform with over 14,000 members. His scientific influence has earned numerous international honors. He also serves as founder and secretary‑general of the International Keratoconus Society and sits on multiple examination boards. Khalid Mohammed Alyahya is a consultant clinical pharmacist at Prince Sultan Military Medical City in Riyadh, specializing in internal medicine with a focus on endocrine and diabetes care. He earned his PhD in clinical pharmacy from Cardiff University and has served as a certified specialist and consultant pharmacist. He previously directed the Drug and Poisoning Information Center and chairs key committees in formulary management, patient education, and accreditation readiness. A major contributor to pharmacy education, he leads residency programs, teaches at several universities, and has supervised numerous research projects. He also serves on national advisory committees in bioethics, research, and pharmacy practice.

• Ocular Pharmacokinetics.- Factors Affecting Bioavailability and Efficacy of Topical Eye Preparations.- Ideal Characteristics of Ophthalmic Drug Delivery System.- Inactive Ingredients Used in the Preparation of Ophthalmic Products.- Preservatives Used in Ophthalmic Preparations.- Topical Ophthalmic Drug Forms.- Extemporaneous Compounding of Ophthalmic Products.- Guidelines of The American Society of Health System Pharmacists (ASHP) on Pharmacy-Prepared Ophthalmic Products.- Formulations of Extemporaneous Topical Ophthalmic Preparations.- Intravitreal Injections.- Intracameral Injections.- Formulations of Extemporaneous Intraocular Injections.- Equipments and Steps for Subconjunctival Injections.- Formulations of Extemporaneous Subconjunctival Injections.- Extemporaneous Ophthalmic Preparations in Ocular Oncology.