Roel Meijer (Ph.D. 1995), Radboud University, Nijmegen, is Associate Professor in modern Middle Eastern history and has published on social movements, Islam, and political thought in the Middle East. He is editor of seven anthologies, including Global Salafism: Islam’s New Religious Movement (Hurst, 2009). He is co-editor with Zahra Babar and James Sater of The Routledge Handbook of Citizenship in the Middle East and North Africa (2020).Nils Butenschøn is Emeritus Professor of political science at the Norwegian Centre for Human Rights, University of Oslo. Research interests include international relations, ethnic conflicts, and democracy focusing on the Middle East. His latest book is Butenschøn et al., Power-Sharing in Conflict-Ridden Societies (Routledge 2015).

• Introduction: Roel Meijer and Nils ButenschønPART I - THE ARAB SOCIAL PACT1. Anthony Gorman, The British Legacy in the Middle East2. Roel Meijer, Citizenship, Social Pacts, Rulings Bargains, and the Arab Uprising3. Raymond Hinnebusch and Ola Rifai, Syria: Identity, State Formation, and Citizenship 4. Sami Zemni, The Tunisian Revolution and the Question of Citizenship 5. James Sater, Patronage and Democratic Citizenship in Morocco6. Morten Valbjørn, Like But Not the Same As---- Arab Citizenship and the Jordanian Experience 7. Stig Stenslie and Ida Almestad, Social Contract in the Al Saud Monarchy: From Subjects to Citizens? 8. James Sater, Migration and the Marginality of Citizenship in the Arab Gulf Region: Human Security and High Modernist Tendencies9. Nils Butenschøn, Arab Spring and the “Iron Triangle”: Regime Survival and Conditions of Citizenship in the Arab Middle East PART II - CONCEPTS OF CITIZENSHIP10. Knut S. Vikør, Muslim Subjects and the Rights of God11. Michaelle Browers, The Struggle for Equality and Citizenship in Arab Political Thought: Ideological Debates and Conceptual Change12. Jakob Skovgaard-Petersen, Brothers and Citizens: The Second Wave of Institutional Thinking and the Concept of Citizenship13. Emin Poljarevic, Ambiguity of Citizenship in Contemporary Salafism14. Rachel Scott, Citizenship, Public Order and State Sovereignty: Article 3 of the Egyptian Constitution and the ‘Divinely Revealed Religions’ PART III - PRACTICES OF CITIZENSHIP15. Robert Springborg, Effects of Patronage Systems and Clientelism on Citizenship in the Middle East 16. Rania Maktabi, Female Citizenship and the Franchise in Kuwait after 200517. Assia Boutaleb, Arab Youth: Evolving Participation and Acts of Citizenship18. Claire Beaugrand, The bidun Protest Movement in Kuwait: Acts of Resistance or Acts of Citizenship?19. Engin F. Isin, Citizenship Studies and the Middle East

Roel Meijer (Ph.D. 1995), Radboud University, Nijmegen, is Associate Professor in modern Middle Eastern history and has published on social movements, Islam, and political thought in the Middle East. He is editor of seven anthologies, including Global Salafism: Islam’s New Religious Movement (Hurst, 2009). He is co-editor with Zahra Babar and James Sater of The Routledge Handbook of Citizenship in the Middle East and North Africa (2020).Nils Butenschøn is Emeritus Professor of political science at the Norwegian Centre for Human Rights, University of Oslo. Research interests include international relations, ethnic conflicts, and democracy focusing on the Middle East. His latest book is Butenschøn et al., Power-Sharing in Conflict-Ridden Societies (Routledge 2015).

• Introduction: Roel Meijer and Nils ButenschønPART I - THE ARAB SOCIAL PACT1. Anthony Gorman, The British Legacy in the Middle East2. Roel Meijer, Citizenship, Social Pacts, Rulings Bargains, and the Arab Uprising3. Raymond Hinnebusch and Ola Rifai, Syria: Identity, State Formation, and Citizenship 4. Sami Zemni, The Tunisian Revolution and the Question of Citizenship 5. James Sater, Patronage and Democratic Citizenship in Morocco6. Morten Valbjørn, Like But Not the Same As---- Arab Citizenship and the Jordanian Experience 7. Stig Stenslie and Ida Almestad, Social Contract in the Al Saud Monarchy: From Subjects to Citizens? 8. James Sater, Migration and the Marginality of Citizenship in the Arab Gulf Region: Human Security and High Modernist Tendencies9. Nils Butenschøn, Arab Spring and the “Iron Triangle”: Regime Survival and Conditions of Citizenship in the Arab Middle East PART II - CONCEPTS OF CITIZENSHIP10. Knut S. Vikør, Muslim Subjects and the Rights of God11. Michaelle Browers, The Struggle for Equality and Citizenship in Arab Political Thought: Ideological Debates and Conceptual Change12. Jakob Skovgaard-Petersen, Brothers and Citizens: The Second Wave of Institutional Thinking and the Concept of Citizenship13. Emin Poljarevic, Ambiguity of Citizenship in Contemporary Salafism14. Rachel Scott, Citizenship, Public Order and State Sovereignty: Article 3 of the Egyptian Constitution and the ‘Divinely Revealed Religions’ PART III - PRACTICES OF CITIZENSHIP15. Robert Springborg, Effects of Patronage Systems and Clientelism on Citizenship in the Middle East 16. Rania Maktabi, Female Citizenship and the Franchise in Kuwait after 200517. Assia Boutaleb, Arab Youth: Evolving Participation and Acts of Citizenship18. Claire Beaugrand, The bidun Protest Movement in Kuwait: Acts of Resistance or Acts of Citizenship?19. Engin F. Isin, Citizenship Studies and the Middle East

Roel Meijer (Ph.D. 1995), Radboud University, Nijmegen, is Associate Professor in modern Middle Eastern history and has published on social movements, Islam, and political thought in the Middle East. He is editor of seven anthologies, including Global Salafism: Islam’s New Religious Movement (Hurst, 2009). He is co-editor with Zahra Babar and James Sater of The Routledge Handbook of Citizenship in the Middle East and North Africa (2020).Nils Butenschøn is Emeritus Professor of political science at the Norwegian Centre for Human Rights, University of Oslo. Research interests include international relations, ethnic conflicts, and democracy focusing on the Middle East. His latest book is Butenschøn et al., Power-Sharing in Conflict-Ridden Societies (Routledge 2015).

• Introduction: Roel Meijer and Nils ButenschønPART I - THE ARAB SOCIAL PACT1. Anthony Gorman, The British Legacy in the Middle East2. Roel Meijer, Citizenship, Social Pacts, Rulings Bargains, and the Arab Uprising3. Raymond Hinnebusch and Ola Rifai, Syria: Identity, State Formation, and Citizenship 4. Sami Zemni, The Tunisian Revolution and the Question of Citizenship 5. James Sater, Patronage and Democratic Citizenship in Morocco6. Morten Valbjørn, Like But Not the Same As---- Arab Citizenship and the Jordanian Experience 7. Stig Stenslie and Ida Almestad, Social Contract in the Al Saud Monarchy: From Subjects to Citizens? 8. James Sater, Migration and the Marginality of Citizenship in the Arab Gulf Region: Human Security and High Modernist Tendencies9. Nils Butenschøn, Arab Spring and the “Iron Triangle”: Regime Survival and Conditions of Citizenship in the Arab Middle East PART II - CONCEPTS OF CITIZENSHIP10. Knut S. Vikør, Muslim Subjects and the Rights of God11. Michaelle Browers, The Struggle for Equality and Citizenship in Arab Political Thought: Ideological Debates and Conceptual Change12. Jakob Skovgaard-Petersen, Brothers and Citizens: The Second Wave of Institutional Thinking and the Concept of Citizenship13. Emin Poljarevic, Ambiguity of Citizenship in Contemporary Salafism14. Rachel Scott, Citizenship, Public Order and State Sovereignty: Article 3 of the Egyptian Constitution and the ‘Divinely Revealed Religions’ PART III - PRACTICES OF CITIZENSHIP15. Robert Springborg, Effects of Patronage Systems and Clientelism on Citizenship in the Middle East 16. Rania Maktabi, Female Citizenship and the Franchise in Kuwait after 200517. Assia Boutaleb, Arab Youth: Evolving Participation and Acts of Citizenship18. Claire Beaugrand, The bidun Protest Movement in Kuwait: Acts of Resistance or Acts of Citizenship?19. Engin F. Isin, Citizenship Studies and the Middle East