Content

Kate Eichhorn is Associate Professor and Chair of Culture and Media Studies at The New School. She is the author of The End of Forgetting: Growing Up with Social Media, Adjusted Margin: Xerography, Art and Activism in the Late Twentieth Century (MIT Press), and The Archival Turn in Feminism.

• Series Foreword viiPreface ix1 A Brief History of Content in a Digital Era 12 User-Generated Content 313 Content Farms 574 Content Capital 795 Journalism and Politics after Content 1036 Content Automation 129Glossary 145Notes 151Further Reading 159Index 161

"Eichhorn keeps things tight and accessible as she spotlights the dark and damaging aspects of content: even given all the negative effects and the rise of 'content resisters' who favor old mediums, she writes, the industry will only continue to thrive. This is a fine introduction for readers curious about how much of what’s online came to be there." —Publishers Weekly"For Kate Eichhorn, a media historian and a professor at the New School, the Instagram egg is representative of what we call 'content,' a ubiquitous yet difficult-to-define word. Content is digital material that 'may circulate solely for the purpose of circulating,' Eichhorn writes in her new book, Content, which is part of M.I.T. Press’s 'Essential Knowledge' series of pithy monographs… Evoking the overwhelming flood of text, audio, and video that fills our feeds, Eichhorn writes, 'Content is part of a single and indistinguishable flow.'"—Kyle Chayka, The New Yorker"Few words have made their way into modern everyday discourse with less of a clear definition than content. Eichhorn (media studies, New School) provides a strong, accessible explanation of not only what content means—thanks in part to a handy glossary—but also how everything has become content. Positioning the rise of content within the context of earlier, more Utopian eras of the internet and user-generated culture, the book demonstrates how the flattening of art, media, and information into bytes of data prioritizes circulation and visibility above all else. As Eichhorn analyzes examples from journalism, art, and literature, she underlines the significant impact the shift to content has had on labor conditions and artistic identity. In this regard, although cases such as “Instapoets” show how social platforms can facilitate content-based stardom for individual creators, the neoliberal market forces undergirding the digital sphere are even more likely to incentivize people to become content farmers, toiling away with Google AdSense and dreaming of viral recognition. By parsing, contextualizing, and analyzing the vague concept of content until it gains firmer meaning, Eichhorn's book offers an important starting point for young media students."—CHOICE