Companion to Forensic Anthropology

The Editor Dennis C. Dirkmaat, PhD, is the Chair of both the undergraduate program in Applied Forensic Sciences and the Masters of Science in Anthropology at Mercyhurst College, Erie, PA. He is a board-certified forensic anthropologist, with a specialty in forensic archaeology, who has conducted hundreds of forensic anthropology cases nationally and internationally. He has been a member of the US federal government's Disaster Mortuary Operational Response Team (DMORT) since its inception in the mid-1990s, and is co-chair of the Scene Search and Recovery, and Anthropology Subcommittees of the Scientific Working Group on Disaster Victim Identification (SWGDVI), US National Institute of Justice (NIJ). He also serves as a consultant for international organizations and companies involved in the recovery and identification of victims of mass disaster events around the world.

• List of Illustrations ixList of Tables xviNotes on Contributors xviiAbout This Book xxixAcknowledgments xxxvPart I Introduction and Brief History of Forensic Anthropology 11 Forensic Anthropology: Embracing the New Paradigm 3Dennis C. Dirkmaat and Luis L. CaboPart II Recovery of Human Remains from Outdoor Contexts 41Introduction to Part II 43Dennis C. Dirkmaat2 Documenting Context at the Outdoor Crime Scene: Why Bother? 48Dennis C. Dirkmaat3 Determining the Forensic Significance of Skeletal Remains 66John J. Schultz4 The Application of Ground-Penetrating Radar for Forensic Grave Detection 85John J. Schultz5 Crime Scene Perspective: Collecting Evidence in the Context of the Criminal Incident 101Michael J. Hochrein6 The Role of Forensic Anthropology in the Recovery and Interpretation of the Fatal-Fire Victim 113Dennis C. Dirkmaat, Gregory O. Olson, Alexandra R. Klales, and Sara Getz7 Forensic Anthropology at the Mass Fatality Incident (Commercial Airliner) Crash Scene 136Dennis C. Dirkmaat8 Mass Graves and Human Rights: Latest Developments, Methods, and Lessons Learned 157Hugh H. Tuller9 Archaeology, Mass Graves, and Resolving Commingling Issues through Spatial Analysis 175Luis L. Cabo, Dennis C. Dirkmaat, James M. Adovasio, and Vicente C. RozasPart III Developments in Forensic Osteology 197Introduction to Part III 199Luis L. Cabo10 Developments in Forensic Anthropology: Age-at-Death Estimation 202Heather M. Garvin, Nicholas V. Passalacqua, Natalie M. Uhl, Desina R. Gipson, Rebecca S. Overbury, and Luis L. Cabo11 Skeletal Age Estimation: Where We Are and Where We Should Go 224George R. Milner and Jesper L. Boldsen12 Adult Sex Determination: Methods and Application 239Heather M. Garvin13 Sexual Dimorphism: Interpreting Sex Markers 248Luis L. Cabo, Ciarán P. Brewster, and Juan Luengo Azpiazu14 Morphoscopic Traits and the Assessment of Ancestry 287Joseph T. Hefner, Stephen D. Ousley, and Dennis C. Dirkmaat15 Fordisc 3 and Statistical Methods for Estimating Sex and Ancestry 311Stephen D. Ousley and Richard L. Jantz16 Estimating Stature 330Stephen D. OusleyPart IV Developments in Human Skeletal Trauma Analysis 335Introduction to Part IV 337Dennis C. Dirkmaat17 Interpreting Traumatic Injury to Bone in Medicolegal Investigations 340Steven A. Symes, Ericka N. L’Abbé, Erin N. Chapman, Ivana Wolff, and Dennis C. Dirkmaat18 The Biomechanics of Gunshot Trauma to Bone: Research Considerations within the Present Judicial Climate 390Hugh E. Berryman, Alicja K. Lanfear, and Natalie R. Shirley19 Developments in Skeletal Trauma: Blunt-Force Trauma 400Nicholas V. Passalacqua and Todd W. FentonPart V Advances in Human Identification 413Introduction to Part V 415Dennis C. Dirkmaat20 Advances in the Anthropological Analysis of Cremated Remains 418Traci L. Van Deest, Michael W. Warren, and Katelyn L. Bolhofner21 Human Identification Using Skull–Photo Superimposition and Forensic Image Comparison 432Norman J. Sauer, Amy R. Michael, and Todd W. Fenton22 DNA Analysis and the Classic Goal of Forensic Anthropology 447Luis L. Cabo23 DNA Identification and Forensic Anthropology: Developments in DNA Collection, Analysis, and Technology 462David BoyerPart VI Forensic Taphonomy 471Introduction to Part VI 473Dennis C. Dirkmaat and Nicholas V. Passalacqua24 Current Research in Forensic Taphonomy 477Marcella H. Sorg, William D. Haglund, and Jamie A. Wren25 The Use of Taphonomy in Forensic Anthropology: Past Trends and Future Prospects 499Mark O. Beary and R. Lee LymanPart VII Forensic Anthropology Beyond Academia 529Introduction to Part VII 531Dennis C. Dirkmaat26 Forensic Anthropologists in Medical Examiner’s and Coroner’s Offices: A History 534Hugh E. Berryman and Alicja K. Lanfear27 Forensic Anthropology at the New York City Office of Chief Medical Examiner 549Christopher W. Rainwater, Christian Crowder, Kristen M. Hartnett, Jeannette S. Fridie, Benjamin J. Figura, Jennifer Godbold, Scott C. Warnasch, and Bradley J. Adams28 The Many Hats of a Recovery Leader: Perspectives on Planning and Executing Worldwide Forensic Investigations and Recoveries at the JPAC Central Identification Laboratory 567Paul D. Emanovsky and William R. BelcherPart VIII Forensic Anthropology Outside North America 593Introduction to Part VIII 595Dennis C. Dirkmaat29 European Perspectives and the Role of the Forensic Archaeologist in the UK 598Nicholas Márquez-Grant, Stephen Litherland, and Julie Roberts30 The Establishment and Advancement of Forensic Anthropology in South Africa 626Ericka N. L’Abbé and Maryna Steyn31 The Application of Forensic Anthropology to the Investigation of Cases of Political Violence 639Luis FondebriderPart IX Ethics, Overview, and the Future of Forensic Anthropology 649Introduction to Part IX 651Dennis C. Dirkmaat32 The Pervasiveness of Daubert 654Stephen D. Ousley and R. Eric Hollinger33 Ethics in Forensic Anthropology 666Diane L. France34 An “Outsider” Look at Forensic Anthropology 683James M. AdovasioIndex 690

“In summary, Dirkmaat’s volume would seem to succeed in its stated goal of providing a timely and thorough supplement to generalized textbooks of forensic anthropology.”  (Journal Forensic Sciences, 28 October 2013)