Beyond the Bubble Test

LINDA DARLING-HAMMOND is Charles E. Ducommun Professor of Education and Faculty Director of the Stanford Center for Opportunity Policy in Education at Stanford University. Darling-Hammond is a former president of the American Educational Research Association and a member of the National Academy of Education. Her research and policy work focuses on issues of educational equity, teaching quality, school reform, and performance assessment. Among Darling-Hammond's over 300 publications are Preparing Teachers for a Changing World (with John Bransford, for the National Academy of Education) and The Right to Learn. FRANK ADAMSON is a Policy and Research Analyst at the Stanford Center for Opportunity Policy in Education (SCOPE). He currently focuses on the adoption of assessments of deeper learning and twenty-first-century skills. He also conducts research on educational equity and opportunities to learn and has published on teacher salary differences within labor markets in New York and California.

• Acknowledgments viiThe Authors ix1 Introduction: The Rationale and Context for Performance Assessment 1Linda Darling-HammondPart one : Through a Looking Glass: Performance Assessment Past, Present, and Future 152 Looking Back: Performance Assessment in an Era of Standards-Based Educational Accountability 17Brian Stecher3 Where We Are Now: Lessons Learned and Emerging Directions 53Raymond Pecheone and Stuart Kahl with the Assistance of Jillian Chingos and Ann Jaquith4. Reaching Out: International Benchmarks for Performance Assessment 93Linda Darling-Hammond with the Assistance of Laura WentworthPart two : Advances in Performance Assessment: Assessing and Supporting Learning 1315 Performance Assessment: The State of the Art 133Suzanne Lane6 Adapting Performance Assessments for English Language Learners 185Jamal Abedi7 Supporting Teacher Learning through Performance Assessment 207Linda Darling-Hammond and Beverly FalkPart three : Policy and Performance Assessment: Developing Systems That Can Work 2378 A New Conceptual Framework for Cost Analysis 239Lawrence O. Picus, Frank Adamson, William Montague, and Margaret Owens9 Investing in Assessments of Deeper Learning: The Costs and Benefits of Tests That Help Students Learn 259Barry Topol, John Olson, Ed Roeber, Linda Darling-Hammond, and Frank Adamson10 Building Systems of Assessment for Deeper Learning 277David T. Conley and Linda Darling-Hammond11 Concluding Thoughts: Creating Next-Generation Assessments That Last 311Linda Darling-Hammond, Frank Adamson, and Thomas TochAppendix A: State Performance Tasks 323Appendix B: New Approaches to Performance Assessment 353Appendix C: A Framework for Measuring the Costs, Expenditures, and Benefits of Performance Assessment 363Appendix D: Spending for Interim Testing at the Local District Level 377Notes 383References 387Name Index 423Subject Index 429