Francisco B. S. José Leandro received a Ph.D. in political science and international relations from the Catholic University of Portugal in 2010. He is currently an associate professor and Assistant Dean of the Institute for Research on Portuguese-Speaking Countries at the City University of Macau, China.Paulo Afronso B. Duarte received a Ph.D. in political science from the Catholic University of Louvain. He is currently an assistant professor at Universidade Lusófona do Porto and guest professor at the University of Minho. He is a post-doctoral researcher at Centro de Investigação em Ciência Política, University of Minho, Portugal.