Edited by Dirk Hofäcker, Professor of Quantitative Research Methods, Institute for Social Work and Social Policy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany and Kati Kuitto, Senior Researcher, Finnish Centre for Pensions, Finland

• Contents:Preface viii1 Introduction to Youth Employment Insecurity and Pension Adequacy 1Dirk Hofäcker and Kati KuittoPART I LABOUR MARKET RISKS, PENSION SYSTEMS AND OLDAGE SECURITY2 Youth and pensions in a European comparison – how pension systemsconsider early adulthood and life course uncertainties 15Susan Kuivalainen, Antti Mielonen and Niko Väänänen3 The impact of discontinuity – how unemployment shapes outcomes involuntary pension schemes 31Dina Frommert4 Self-employment and the risk of poverty in old age – what’s the role ofpension systems in Europe? 50Julia Höppner5 Manifesting future disadvantage – class, gender and pension accrual ofthe low-educated young in Europe 70Traute Meyer6 Employment in youth and pension accumulation in Finland – howrecent pension reforms account for early career employment 91Ilari Ilmakunnas and Kati Kuitto7 Labour market insecurities of younger couples and homeownership inlater adulthood in Germany: how important is couples’ and genderedrisk aversion in the decision process? 106Sophia Fauser and Sonja ScheuringPART II ATTITUDES TOWARDS PRIVATE PENSIONS ANDRETIREMENT SAVING BEHAVIOUR8 The social, cultural and economic influences on retirement saving foryoung adults in the UK 127Ellie Suh and Hayley James9 Attitudes of young workers towards the private pension system in Turkey 146Müge Gülmez Korkmaz10 Youth informal employment in Arab States – exclusion and exit 163Walid MerouaniIndex

‘Young people face many immediate challenges in today’s labour markets, yet their longer-term prospects for retirement have often been neglected. Importantly, this edited volume addresses the links between disadvantages experienced early in careers and the much later, often substantial, consequences for retirement and old-age income. Going beyond the ordinary, these interdisciplinary studies fill knowledge gaps, especially with respect to social risk groups and geographical spread. They investigate how flexibilization of work and pension reforms challenge youth today and how they will continue to challenge them in the future. Are they aware of their prospects – and can they save adequately for their old age retirement?’

Edited by Dirk Hofäcker, Professor of Quantitative Research Methods, Institute for Social Work and Social Policy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany and Kati Kuitto, Senior Researcher, Finnish Centre for Pensions, Finland

• Contents:Preface viii1 Introduction to Youth Employment Insecurity and Pension Adequacy 1Dirk Hofäcker and Kati KuittoPART I LABOUR MARKET RISKS, PENSION SYSTEMS AND OLDAGE SECURITY2 Youth and pensions in a European comparison – how pension systemsconsider early adulthood and life course uncertainties 15Susan Kuivalainen, Antti Mielonen and Niko Väänänen3 The impact of discontinuity – how unemployment shapes outcomes involuntary pension schemes 31Dina Frommert4 Self-employment and the risk of poverty in old age – what’s the role ofpension systems in Europe? 50Julia Höppner5 Manifesting future disadvantage – class, gender and pension accrual ofthe low-educated young in Europe 70Traute Meyer6 Employment in youth and pension accumulation in Finland – howrecent pension reforms account for early career employment 91Ilari Ilmakunnas and Kati Kuitto7 Labour market insecurities of younger couples and homeownership inlater adulthood in Germany: how important is couples’ and genderedrisk aversion in the decision process? 106Sophia Fauser and Sonja ScheuringPART II ATTITUDES TOWARDS PRIVATE PENSIONS ANDRETIREMENT SAVING BEHAVIOUR8 The social, cultural and economic influences on retirement saving foryoung adults in the UK 127Ellie Suh and Hayley James9 Attitudes of young workers towards the private pension system in Turkey 146Müge Gülmez Korkmaz10 Youth informal employment in Arab States – exclusion and exit 163Walid MerouaniIndex

‘Young people face many immediate challenges in today’s labour markets, yet their longer-term prospects for retirement have often been neglected. Importantly, this edited volume addresses the links between disadvantages experienced early in careers and the much later, often substantial, consequences for retirement and old-age income. Going beyond the ordinary, these interdisciplinary studies fill knowledge gaps, especially with respect to social risk groups and geographical spread. They investigate how flexibilization of work and pension reforms challenge youth today and how they will continue to challenge them in the future. Are they aware of their prospects – and can they save adequately for their old age retirement?’

Edited by Dirk Hofäcker, Professor of Quantitative Research Methods, Institute for Social Work and Social Policy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany and Kati Kuitto, Senior Researcher, Finnish Centre for Pensions, Finland

• Contents:Preface viii1 Introduction to Youth Employment Insecurity and Pension Adequacy 1Dirk Hofäcker and Kati KuittoPART I LABOUR MARKET RISKS, PENSION SYSTEMS AND OLDAGE SECURITY2 Youth and pensions in a European comparison – how pension systemsconsider early adulthood and life course uncertainties 15Susan Kuivalainen, Antti Mielonen and Niko Väänänen3 The impact of discontinuity – how unemployment shapes outcomes involuntary pension schemes 31Dina Frommert4 Self-employment and the risk of poverty in old age – what’s the role ofpension systems in Europe? 50Julia Höppner5 Manifesting future disadvantage – class, gender and pension accrual ofthe low-educated young in Europe 70Traute Meyer6 Employment in youth and pension accumulation in Finland – howrecent pension reforms account for early career employment 91Ilari Ilmakunnas and Kati Kuitto7 Labour market insecurities of younger couples and homeownership inlater adulthood in Germany: how important is couples’ and genderedrisk aversion in the decision process? 106Sophia Fauser and Sonja ScheuringPART II ATTITUDES TOWARDS PRIVATE PENSIONS ANDRETIREMENT SAVING BEHAVIOUR8 The social, cultural and economic influences on retirement saving foryoung adults in the UK 127Ellie Suh and Hayley James9 Attitudes of young workers towards the private pension system in Turkey 146Müge Gülmez Korkmaz10 Youth informal employment in Arab States – exclusion and exit 163Walid MerouaniIndex

‘Young people face many immediate challenges in today’s labour markets, yet their longer-term prospects for retirement have often been neglected. Importantly, this edited volume addresses the links between disadvantages experienced early in careers and the much later, often substantial, consequences for retirement and old-age income. Going beyond the ordinary, these interdisciplinary studies fill knowledge gaps, especially with respect to social risk groups and geographical spread. They investigate how flexibilization of work and pension reforms challenge youth today and how they will continue to challenge them in the future. Are they aware of their prospects – and can they save adequately for their old age retirement?’