This book offers a new conceptual framework for understanding biodata across different temporalities and global contexts. Moving beyond data as mere information, the authors explore how biodata reshapes human lives, scientific practice and global struggles for justice. Bridging anthropology, infrastructure studies and technoscience, the book introduces a critical vocabulary for understanding biodata not just as a technical artifact, but as a set of lived, shifting relations that are embedded in histories of racialization, colonial dispossession and the digital transformation of health.