Norainie Ahmad is an appointed National Consultant and Senior Gender Expert on Women and Political Participation in Brunei, a project funded under the EU-ASEAN (EREADI) consortium. Her research interests intersect Social Demography, Women and Gender Studies, and Public Policy.Ooi Keat Gin is a professor of the modern history of Brunei/Borneo at the Academy of Brunei Studies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Brunei, and a visiting professor at the Korean Institute of ASEAN Studies, Busan University of Foreign Studies, Busan, South Korea.