Women in Culture

The editor teaches in the Department of Philosophy and Religion at the American University, Washington, D.C. She is editor (with Bob Leming) of the Resource Guide to Law-Related Education and editor of two volumes in the We The People series published by the American Bar Association: A Handbook on Community Forums on the Constitution, to which she is also a contriutor, and Program Planning Guide for Community Forums on the Constitution.

• Preface xAcknowledgements xiiIntroduction 1Part I The Cultural Construction of Gender 131 Women in Culture 15Introduction 15Is Female to Male as Nature is to Culture 23Sherry B. OrtnerOppression 45Marilyn FryeSuggested Activities 50Bibliography 522 Commonalities and Differences among Women 55Introduction 55Commonalities and Differences (excerpt) 63Johnnetta B. ColeAge, Race, Class, and Sex: Women Redefining Difference 69Audre LordeAnd A’n’t I a Woman? 77Sojourner TruthWhen you Meet a Lesbian: Hints for the Heterosexual Woman 80Indiana University Empowerment WorkshopHeterosexuality Questionnaire 81Gay and Lesbian Speaker’s BureauSuggested Activities 82Bibliography 853 Cultural Representations of Women 91Introduction 91Ways of Seeing (excerpt) 97John BergerBeyond caring: the De-moralization of Gender 105Marilyn FriedmanSuggested Activities 112Bibliography 114Part II Cultural Institutions Defining Women 1174 Women and Popular Culture I: Advertising, Print Media, and Pornography 119Introduction 119Beauty and the Beast of Advertising 127Jean KilbourneFresh Lipstick: Rethinking Images of Women in Advertising 131Linda M. ScottSuggested Activities 141Bibliography 1455 Women and Popular Culture II: Television and Film 149Introduction 149Solace in Soapland 153Elayne RappingNo Way to Treat a Lawyer 160Terry Kay DiggsSuggested Activities 165Bibliography 1676 Fashion, Beauty, and Women’s Health 171Introduction 171The Beauty Myth (excerpt) 179Naomi WolfMadonna, Fashion, and Identity (excerpt) 187Douglas KellnerObsession: the Tyranny of Slenderness 201Kim CherninSuggested Activities 216Bibliography 2197 Motherhood and Families 223Introduction 223Shifting the Center: Race, Class, and Feminist Theorizing about Motherhood (excerpt) 231Patricia Hill CollinsFall from Grace: Twentieth-century Mom (excerpt) 244Shari L. ThurerOut of the Stream: an Essay on Unconventional Motherhood 251Shirley GlubkaAbortion through a Feminist Ethics Lens (excerpt) 261Susan SherwinSuggested Activities 272Bibliography 2758 Sex, Sexism, Sexual Harassment, and Sexual Abuse 283Introduction  283High School Lowdown 301Miranda J. Van GelderScope of the Problem 304Carol Bohmer and Andrea ParrotLegal Images of Battered Women (excerpt) 323Martha R. MahoneyIn the Truth Itself, There is Healing (excerpt) 338Ellen BassSuggested Activities 349Bibliography 356Part III Opportunities for Women in Culture 3639 Women Creating Culture 365Introduction 365The Female World of Love and Ritual: Relations between Woman in Nineteenth-Century America (excerpt) 372Carroll Smith-RosenbergRevolution, Girl Style 391Farai Chideya, with Melissa Rossi and Dogen HannahWitchcraft as Goddess Religion 394StarhawkSuggested Activities 401Bibliography 40410 Feminism and the Future 409Introduction 409Feminism: a Transformational Politic 418bell hooksRecognizing, Accepting, and Celebrating our Differences 427Papusa MolinaHealing the Wounds: Feminism, Ecology, and the Nature/Culture Dualism (excerpt) 433Ynestra KingStill I Rise 440Maya AngelouSuggested Activities 441Bibliography 444Index 449

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