PKF International is a global network of legally independent firms bound together by a shared commitment to quality, integrity and the creation of clarity in a complex regulatory environment. With offices in 440 cities, PKF operates in 150 countries across 5 continents and specialises in providing high quality audit, accounting, tax, and business advisory services to international and domestic organisations in all of their markets. PKF International member firms have an aggregate fee income of $2.52 billion, and the network is a member of the Forum of Firms - an organisation dedicated to consistent and high quality standards of financial reporting and auditing practices worldwide.

• About the Authors vii 1 Introduction to International Financial Reporting Standards 1 2 Conceptual Framework 27 3 Presentation of Financial Statements 41 4 Statement of Financial Position 61 5 Statements of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income, and Changes in Equity 77 6 Statement of Cash Flows 97 7 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates, and Errors 115 8 Inventories 135 9 Property, Plant and Equipment 153 10 Borrowing Costs 187 11 Intangible Assets 195 12 Investment Property 223 13 Impairment of Assets and Non-Current Assets Held for Sale 237 14 Consolidations, Joint Arrangements, Associates and Separate Financial Statements 261 15 Business Combinations 313 16 Shareholders Equity 369 17 Share-Based Payment 391 18 Current Liabilities, Provisions, Contingencies and Events After the Reporting Period 421 19 Employee Benefits 453 20 Revenue Recognition, Including Construction Contracts 477 21 Government Grants 511 22 Leases 523 23 Foreign Currency 577 24 Financial Instruments 607 25 Fair Value 735 26 Income Taxes 765 27 Earnings Per Share 801 28 Operating Segments 819 29 Related-Party Disclosures 839 30 Accounting and Reporting by Retirement Benefit Plans 853 31 Agriculture 861 32 Extractive Industries 875 33 Accounting for Insurance Contracts 885 34 Interim Financial Reporting 895 35 Hyperinflation 917 36 First-Time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards 927 Index 959

PKF International is a global network of legally independent firms bound together by a shared commitment to quality, integrity and the creation of clarity in a complex regulatory environment. With offices in 440 cities, PKF operates in 150 countries across 5 continents and specialises in providing high quality audit, accounting, tax, and business advisory services to international and domestic organisations in all of their markets. PKF International member firms have an aggregate fee income of $2.52 billion, and the network is a member of the Forum of Firms - an organisation dedicated to consistent and high quality standards of financial reporting and auditing practices worldwide.

• About the Authors vii 1 Introduction to International Financial Reporting Standards 1 2 Conceptual Framework 27 3 Presentation of Financial Statements 41 4 Statement of Financial Position 61 5 Statements of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income, and Changes in Equity 77 6 Statement of Cash Flows 97 7 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates, and Errors 115 8 Inventories 135 9 Property, Plant and Equipment 153 10 Borrowing Costs 187 11 Intangible Assets 195 12 Investment Property 223 13 Impairment of Assets and Non-Current Assets Held for Sale 237 14 Consolidations, Joint Arrangements, Associates and Separate Financial Statements 261 15 Business Combinations 313 16 Shareholders Equity 369 17 Share-Based Payment 391 18 Current Liabilities, Provisions, Contingencies and Events After the Reporting Period 421 19 Employee Benefits 453 20 Revenue Recognition, Including Construction Contracts 477 21 Government Grants 511 22 Leases 523 23 Foreign Currency 577 24 Financial Instruments 607 25 Fair Value 735 26 Income Taxes 765 27 Earnings Per Share 801 28 Operating Segments 819 29 Related-Party Disclosures 839 30 Accounting and Reporting by Retirement Benefit Plans 853 31 Agriculture 861 32 Extractive Industries 875 33 Accounting for Insurance Contracts 885 34 Interim Financial Reporting 895 35 Hyperinflation 917 36 First-Time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards 927 Index 959

PKF International is a global network of legally independent firms bound together by a shared commitment to quality, integrity and the creation of clarity in a complex regulatory environment. With offices in 440 cities, PKF operates in 150 countries across 5 continents and specialises in providing high quality audit, accounting, tax, and business advisory services to international and domestic organisations in all of their markets. PKF International member firms have an aggregate fee income of $2.52 billion, and the network is a member of the Forum of Firms - an organisation dedicated to consistent and high quality standards of financial reporting and auditing practices worldwide.

• About the Authors vii 1 Introduction to International Financial Reporting Standards 1 2 Conceptual Framework 27 3 Presentation of Financial Statements 41 4 Statement of Financial Position 61 5 Statements of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income, and Changes in Equity 77 6 Statement of Cash Flows 97 7 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates, and Errors 115 8 Inventories 135 9 Property, Plant and Equipment 153 10 Borrowing Costs 187 11 Intangible Assets 195 12 Investment Property 223 13 Impairment of Assets and Non-Current Assets Held for Sale 237 14 Consolidations, Joint Arrangements, Associates and Separate Financial Statements 261 15 Business Combinations 313 16 Shareholders Equity 369 17 Share-Based Payment 391 18 Current Liabilities, Provisions, Contingencies and Events After the Reporting Period 421 19 Employee Benefits 453 20 Revenue Recognition, Including Construction Contracts 477 21 Government Grants 511 22 Leases 523 23 Foreign Currency 577 24 Financial Instruments 607 25 Fair Value 735 26 Income Taxes 765 27 Earnings Per Share 801 28 Operating Segments 819 29 Related-Party Disclosures 839 30 Accounting and Reporting by Retirement Benefit Plans 853 31 Agriculture 861 32 Extractive Industries 875 33 Accounting for Insurance Contracts 885 34 Interim Financial Reporting 895 35 Hyperinflation 917 36 First-Time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards 927 Index 959