Why Civil Resistance Works

Erica Chenoweth is an assistant professor at the Josef Korbel School of International Studies at the University of Denver and an Associate Senior Researcher at the Peace Research Institute of Oslo. Previously she taught at Wesleyan University and held fellowships at Harvard, Stanford, and the University of California at Berkeley. Maria J. Stephan is a strategic planner with the U.S. Department of State. Formerly she served as director of policy and research at the International Center on Nonviolent Conflict (ICNC) and as an adjunct professor at Georgetown University and American University. She has also been a fellow at the Kennedy School of Government's Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs.

• List of Illustrations List of Tables Acknowledgments Part I. Why Civil Resistance Works 1. The Success of Nonviolent Resistance Campaigns 2. The Primacy of Particpation in Nonviolent Resistance 3. Exploring Alternative Explanations for the Success of Civil Resistance Part II. Case Studies Introduction to the Case Studies 4. The Iranian Revolution, 1977-1979 5. The First Palestinian Intifada, 1987-1992 6. The Philippine People Power Movement, 1983-1986 7. Why Civil Resistance Sometimes Fails: The Burmese Uprising, 1988-1990 Case Study Summary Part III. The Implications of Civil Resistance 8. After the Campaign: The Consequences of Violent and Nonviolent Resistance 9. Conclusion Epilogue Appendix Notes References Index

This is the first major scholarly book to make a well-supported argument that, contrary to what many people believe, nonviolent resistance is more effective than armed resistance in overthrowing regimes, an advantage that is maintained even when the target is not democratic. -- Robert Jervis, Columbia University Erica Chenoweth and Maria J. Stephan offer a fresh, lively, and penetrating analysis of the conditions under which nonviolent resistance succeeds or fails. Using a wealth of data and in-depth case studies, they show that the scholarly emphasis on forceful approaches is misguided: nonviolent movements are often better able to mobilize supporters, resist regime crackdowns, develop innovative resistant techniques, and otherwise take on and defeat repressive regimes and build durable democracies. -- Daniel Byman, Georgetown University and senior fellow, Saban Center at the Brookings Institution After the breathtaking events of 2011, can anyone doubt that nonviolent civil resistance is an effective tool for political change? In this provocative, well-written, and compelling book, Erica Chenoweth and Maria J. Stephan demonstrate that nonviolent civil resistance is usually a better way to force political change. They identify the conditions favoring its success and provide a convincing explanation for why nonviolent resistance is so effective. Their analysis is rigorous yet accessible, and their conclusions have profound implications for anyone seeking to understand-or promote-far-reaching social and political reform. -- Stephen Walt, Harvard University This is social science at its best. Years of critical study culminate in a book on one dominating issue: how does nonviolent opposition compare with violence in removing a regime or achieving secession? The authors study successes and failures and alternative diagnoses of success and failure, reaching a balanced judgment meriting careful study. -- Thomas C. Schelling, Harvard University, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics All of us dedicated to peaceful protest as a way to change the world can take heart from this book. -- Amitabh Pal Progressive The work belongs in all academic libraries... Highly recommended. Choice Well researched, skillfully written, insightful, and timely. -- Joseph G. Bock Dynamics of Asymmetric Conflict