Frederick M. Hess is director of education policy studies at the American Enterprise Institute and executive editor of Education Next. His books include What Next? Educational Innovation and Philadelphia’s School of the Future, and Stretching the School Dollar: How Schools and Districts Can Save Money While Serving Students Best, both published by Harvard Education Press. Bruno V. Manno is senior advisor for education with the Walton Family Foundation. He is co-author of Charter Schools in Action and numerous other works on education policy and reform.