This volume compiles nine essays that investigate the drivers of inequality across countries. Economics and other researchers from Europe and Canada address the role of labor markets, taxation, social protection, redistributive policies, political institutions, norms and attitudes, and preferences for redistribution in Europe, India, Indonesia, the US, and Canada. They examine income or expenditure inequality and the role of tax policy and redistribution, demographics, and labor market factors; measures of wealth, public goods, and non-monetary dimensions; and individual perceptions, preferences, and beliefs about inequality and redistribution.