We Have Always Been Transcultural: The Arts as an Example

Wolfgang Welsch, Professor Emeritus of Philosophy, has been teaching at the universities of Berlin, Jena and Stanford. He received the Max Planck Research Award and the Premio Internazionale d'Estetica. He has published more than twenty books in aesthetics, cultural philosophy, and anthropology.

• PrefaceList of FiguresIntroduction1 Transculturality as a Standard2 Transculturality versus Multi- and Interculturality3 Opposition to the Mixed Character of Cultures4 Conceptual Issues5 Glimpses into History6 The Mixed Constitution of the Human7 The Accusation of ‘Appropriation’8 Across the Arts and ContinentsI The Own and the Other1 Transculturation – the Cuban Paradigm (Fernando Ortíz)2 New Anthropophagy (Oswald de Andrade)3 Négritude (Léopold Senghor): Peculiarity According to a Foreign Guideline4 Paul Gauguin: Dreams of the South Seas5 Pablo Picasso: Les Demoiselles d’Avignon – a paradigm shift6 Antonín Dvořák: an ‘American’ symphony7 Giacomo Puccini’s Madama Butterfly: Failure in Life, Success in Music8 From Li Bo to Gustav Mahler9 Simone Leigh: a Black SphinxII Transformations1 The Transcultural Roots of Greece2 Europe – an Import from Phoenicia3 Gandhara – a Hinge between West and East4 China and Japan: the Foreign Becomes the OwnIII Transcultural Continuation of Antiquity1 Dürer: the Fall of Man – Ancient Models Given a Modern Interpretation2 Opera: Misunderstanding and New Interpretation of Antiquity3 The Antique Model in the Architecture of the 20th Century4 From Odysseus to UlyssesIV Inspirations1 Dürer – a Venetian2 Goethe and Hafiz – Twins Across Centuries3 Manet’s Déjeuner sur l’herbe – Antiquity and Renaissance Have Painted Along4 Hokusai, van Gogh, Kurosawa – from East Asia to Europe and Back5 Wilson and Mnouchkine – Transcultural TheaterV Transcultural by Constitution1 Carl Zuckmayer: Numerous Migration Backgrounds2 Goethe: National Literature? World Literature!3 Ibsen’s Peer Gynt: a World Wanderer4 Belkis Ayón: Transcultural-Emancipatory Identity5 Haruki Murakami: Transculturality Is Nothing SpecialVI Coming Together1 Hagia Sophia: Religious Discord, Transcultural Concord2 Córdoba: Convivencia3 The Gothic Style: the Wonderful Result of a Series of Confusions4 John Cage: East Asian Inspirations5 Michael Jackson: We Are All Related to Each Other6 Postmodern Architecture: Patchwork or Transcultural?7 Design: Transcultural Reflections8 Cloud Gate Dance Theater: National Pride Transcultural9 West-Eastern Divan Orchestra: Convivencia in MusicVII Problematic Aspects and Failures1 Ethnic and Nationalistic Lashing by the Art Market2 Art against Demarcations3 Monsieur Claude and His Daughters: Racism Instead of Transculturality4 Bronzes of ShameVIII Transfers1 African Carmen2 Dancer and Runner3 Europeras: Return in Shredded Form4 Transfers between Artistic Genres5 Italo-Western: from West to East and Back Again6 Transculturality of Menus7 Overplaying the Human-Animal Difference8 Pretty Best Friends: across Social Differences9 Death Metal and Buddhismix Universals as the Depth Basis of Transculturality1 Universal Appreciation across Cultures2 The Modern Denial of Universals – and Its Refutation3 Universal Understanding as a Result of Sustained Effort4 Universality – Advantages of Film and Music5 Peter Brook: a Universal The