Water, Agriculture and the Environment in Spain: can we square the circle?

Lucia De Stefano is a research fellow at the Water Observatory of the Botín Foundation, and Associate Professor at Complutense University of Madrid (Spain), where she teaches hydrology and hydrogeology. Her previous position was as a research assistant at Oregon State University, USA, working on global studies on water conflicts and resilience to climate-change-induced water variability, and regional water governance benchmarking in the Middle East and Northern Africa. Lucia has worked a policy officer for WWF, the international environmental NGO and as a water management specialist in the private sector. A hydrogeologist by training, she obtained her advanced degree in Geological Sciences from the University of Pavia (Italy), and holds a PhD on evaluation of water policies from Complutense University of Madrid, Spain. She received formal training in water conflict management and negotiation at Oregon State University, USA; and UNESCO-IHE in Delft, the Netherlands. Her main fields of interest are policy evaluation, water planning, groundwater management and the assessment of good governance attributes.Prof. M. Ramón Llamas is Emeritus Professor of Hydrogeology at the Complutense University of Madrid, Spain. Since 1986 he is a Fellow of Spain’s Royal Academy of Sciences. He is also Fellow of the European Academy of Science and Arts (2005). He is author or co-author of nearly 100 books or monographs and almost 400 scientific papers. He has received the Cannes International Great Prize for Water in 2006 and is a Member of the French Academie de l’Eau (2006). He was President of the International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH) from 1984 to 1989. In 1992 he was appointed Honorary Fellow of the Geological Society of the United Kingdom. He has been coordinator of the UNESCO Working Group on the Ethics of the Use of Freshwater Resources (1998–1999) and has been member of the Scientific Advisory Committee of the International NGO Action Against Hunger (1999–2004). Since 1998 he is Director of the Water Observatory of the Botín Foundation.

• 1 IntroductionPART 1: Political framework and institutions2 The concept of water and food security in Spain3 Water planning and management after the EU Water Framework Directive4 Institutional reform in Spain to address water challengesPART 2: Metrification of water uses5 Towards an Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM)6 Overview of the extended water footprint in Spain: The importance of agricultural water consumption in the Spanish economy7 An overview of groundwater resources in Spain8 The extended water footprint of the Guadalquivir basin9 The extended water footprint of the Guadiana river basin10 Lessons learnt from analyses of the water footprint of tomatoes and olive oil in Spain. PART 3: Looking at the environment and sector uses11 Linking land management to water planning: Estimating the water consumption of Spanish forests12 The challenges of agricultural diffuse pollution13 Urban and industrial water use challenges14 Challenges and opportunities related to the Spanish water-energy nexus15 Considerations on climate variability and change in SpainPART 4: Possible mechanisms and enabling conditions16 Water trading in Spain17 Public participation and transparency in water management18 Taming the groundwater chaos the modernization of irrigation systemsPART 5: Case studies20 Tablas de Daimiel National Park and groundwater conflicts21 Intensively irrigated agriculture in the north-west of Doñana22 The Canary Islands