Katrin Boeckh is a Senior Researcher at the Leibniz Institute for East and Southeast European Studies in Regensburg and a Professor for East and Southeast European History at the LMU Munich. She is the author of Von den Balkankriegen zum Ersten Weltkrieg. Kleinstaatenpolitik und ethnische Selbstbestimmung auf dem Balkan (1996) and co-editor, with Sabine Rutar, of The Balkan Wars from Contemporary Perception to Historic Memory (2017).

• List of TablesAcknowledgementsPART I: INTRODUCTIONSIntroduction: The Wars of Yesterday: The Balkan Wars and the Emergence of Modern Military Conflict, 1912/13. An IntroductionKatrin Boeckh and Sabine RutarChapter 1. 'Modern Wars' and 'Backward Societies': The Balkan Wars in the History of Twentieth-Century European WarfareWolfgang HöpkenPART II: BEYOND THE BALKANS: DIPLOMATIC AND GEOPOLITICAL ASPECTSChapter 2. Ottoman Diplomacy on the Origins of The Balkan WarsGül TokayChapter 3. Austria-Hungary, Germany, and the Balkan Wars: A Diplomatic Struggle for Peace, Influence, and SupremacyAlma HannigChapter 4. Not Just a Prelude: The First Balkan War Crisis as the Catalyst of Final European War PreparationsMichael Hesselholt ClemmesenPART III: ARMIES, SOLDIERS, IRREGULARSChapter 5. The Ottoman Mobilisation in the Balkan War. Failure and ReorganisationMehmet BeşikçiChapter 6. The Thracian Theatre of War 1912Richard C. HallChapter 7. Morale, Ideology, and the Barbarization of Warfare among Greek SoldiersSpyridon TsoutsoumpisChapter 8. A Forgotten Lesson: The Romanian Army between the Campaign in Bulgaria (1913) and the Tutrakan Debacle (1916)Claudiu-Lucian ToporChapter 9. Serbian Chetniks. Traditions of Irregular WarfareAlexey TimofeevPART IV: CIVILIANS, WOUNDED, INVALIDSChapter 10. The Future Enemy’s Soldiers-To-Be: Fear of War in Trieste, Austria-HungarySabine RutarChapter 11. The Plight of the Muslim Population in Salonica and Surrounding AreasVera Goseva and Natasha Kotlar-TraykovaChapter 12. Cleansing the Nation: War-Related Demographic Changes in MacedoniaIakovos D. MichailidisChapter 13. Jewish Philanthropy and Mutual Assistance Between Ottomanism and Communal IdentitiesEyal GinioChapter 14. The Assistance of the British Red Cross to the Ottoman EmpireOya Dağlar MacarChapter 15. War Neurosis and Psychiatry in the Aftermath of the Balkan WarsHeike KargeConclusionKatrin Boeckh and Sabine RutarIndex

“This is a well-curated and well-intended collection of essays. The editors and contributors have brought considerable knowledge and insight of the Balkan wars into the mainstreams of the New Military History. The collective linguistic and research scope of the contributors is comprehensive. Students and scholars of southeastern Europe will read these essays with profit, but it is the fields of European and global war studies that will benefit most from this excellent volume.” • Slavic Review“This excellent volume is a timely addition to the literature on the Balkan Wars and beyond. Its versatility, diversity, and empirical depth are bound to make a serious impact in the field.” • Uğur Ümit Üngör, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences

Katrin Boeckh is a Senior Researcher at the Leibniz Institute for East and Southeast European Studies in Regensburg and a Professor for East and Southeast European History at the LMU Munich. She is the author of Von den Balkankriegen zum Ersten Weltkrieg. Kleinstaatenpolitik und ethnische Selbstbestimmung auf dem Balkan (1996) and co-editor, with Sabine Rutar, of The Balkan Wars from Contemporary Perception to Historic Memory (2017).

• List of TablesAcknowledgementsPART I: INTRODUCTIONSIntroduction: The Wars of Yesterday: The Balkan Wars and the Emergence of Modern Military Conflict, 1912/13. An IntroductionKatrin Boeckh and Sabine RutarChapter 1. 'Modern Wars' and 'Backward Societies': The Balkan Wars in the History of Twentieth-Century European WarfareWolfgang HöpkenPART II: BEYOND THE BALKANS: DIPLOMATIC AND GEOPOLITICAL ASPECTSChapter 2. Ottoman Diplomacy on the Origins of The Balkan WarsGül TokayChapter 3. Austria-Hungary, Germany, and the Balkan Wars: A Diplomatic Struggle for Peace, Influence, and SupremacyAlma HannigChapter 4. Not Just a Prelude: The First Balkan War Crisis as the Catalyst of Final European War PreparationsMichael Hesselholt ClemmesenPART III: ARMIES, SOLDIERS, IRREGULARSChapter 5. The Ottoman Mobilisation in the Balkan War. Failure and ReorganisationMehmet BeşikçiChapter 6. The Thracian Theatre of War 1912Richard C. HallChapter 7. Morale, Ideology, and the Barbarization of Warfare among Greek SoldiersSpyridon TsoutsoumpisChapter 8. A Forgotten Lesson: The Romanian Army between the Campaign in Bulgaria (1913) and the Tutrakan Debacle (1916)Claudiu-Lucian ToporChapter 9. Serbian Chetniks. Traditions of Irregular WarfareAlexey TimofeevPART IV: CIVILIANS, WOUNDED, INVALIDSChapter 10. The Future Enemy’s Soldiers-To-Be: Fear of War in Trieste, Austria-HungarySabine RutarChapter 11. The Plight of the Muslim Population in Salonica and Surrounding AreasVera Goseva and Natasha Kotlar-TraykovaChapter 12. Cleansing the Nation: War-Related Demographic Changes in MacedoniaIakovos D. MichailidisChapter 13. Jewish Philanthropy and Mutual Assistance Between Ottomanism and Communal IdentitiesEyal GinioChapter 14. The Assistance of the British Red Cross to the Ottoman EmpireOya Dağlar MacarChapter 15. War Neurosis and Psychiatry in the Aftermath of the Balkan WarsHeike KargeConclusionKatrin Boeckh and Sabine RutarIndex

“This is a well-curated and well-intended collection of essays. The editors and contributors have brought considerable knowledge and insight of the Balkan wars into the mainstreams of the New Military History. The collective linguistic and research scope of the contributors is comprehensive. Students and scholars of southeastern Europe will read these essays with profit, but it is the fields of European and global war studies that will benefit most from this excellent volume.” • Slavic Review“This excellent volume is a timely addition to the literature on the Balkan Wars and beyond. Its versatility, diversity, and empirical depth are bound to make a serious impact in the field.” • Uğur Ümit Üngör, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences

Katrin Boeckh is a Senior Researcher at the Leibniz Institute for East and Southeast European Studies in Regensburg and a Professor for East and Southeast European History at the LMU Munich. She is the author of Von den Balkankriegen zum Ersten Weltkrieg. Kleinstaatenpolitik und ethnische Selbstbestimmung auf dem Balkan (1996) and co-editor, with Sabine Rutar, of The Balkan Wars from Contemporary Perception to Historic Memory (2017).

• List of TablesAcknowledgementsPART I: INTRODUCTIONSIntroduction: The Wars of Yesterday: The Balkan Wars and the Emergence of Modern Military Conflict, 1912/13. An IntroductionKatrin Boeckh and Sabine RutarChapter 1. 'Modern Wars' and 'Backward Societies': The Balkan Wars in the History of Twentieth-Century European WarfareWolfgang HöpkenPART II: BEYOND THE BALKANS: DIPLOMATIC AND GEOPOLITICAL ASPECTSChapter 2. Ottoman Diplomacy on the Origins of The Balkan WarsGül TokayChapter 3. Austria-Hungary, Germany, and the Balkan Wars: A Diplomatic Struggle for Peace, Influence, and SupremacyAlma HannigChapter 4. Not Just a Prelude: The First Balkan War Crisis as the Catalyst of Final European War PreparationsMichael Hesselholt ClemmesenPART III: ARMIES, SOLDIERS, IRREGULARSChapter 5. The Ottoman Mobilisation in the Balkan War. Failure and ReorganisationMehmet BeşikçiChapter 6. The Thracian Theatre of War 1912Richard C. HallChapter 7. Morale, Ideology, and the Barbarization of Warfare among Greek SoldiersSpyridon TsoutsoumpisChapter 8. A Forgotten Lesson: The Romanian Army between the Campaign in Bulgaria (1913) and the Tutrakan Debacle (1916)Claudiu-Lucian ToporChapter 9. Serbian Chetniks. Traditions of Irregular WarfareAlexey TimofeevPART IV: CIVILIANS, WOUNDED, INVALIDSChapter 10. The Future Enemy’s Soldiers-To-Be: Fear of War in Trieste, Austria-HungarySabine RutarChapter 11. The Plight of the Muslim Population in Salonica and Surrounding AreasVera Goseva and Natasha Kotlar-TraykovaChapter 12. Cleansing the Nation: War-Related Demographic Changes in MacedoniaIakovos D. MichailidisChapter 13. Jewish Philanthropy and Mutual Assistance Between Ottomanism and Communal IdentitiesEyal GinioChapter 14. The Assistance of the British Red Cross to the Ottoman EmpireOya Dağlar MacarChapter 15. War Neurosis and Psychiatry in the Aftermath of the Balkan WarsHeike KargeConclusionKatrin Boeckh and Sabine RutarIndex

“This is a well-curated and well-intended collection of essays. The editors and contributors have brought considerable knowledge and insight of the Balkan wars into the mainstreams of the New Military History. The collective linguistic and research scope of the contributors is comprehensive. Students and scholars of southeastern Europe will read these essays with profit, but it is the fields of European and global war studies that will benefit most from this excellent volume.” • Slavic Review“This excellent volume is a timely addition to the literature on the Balkan Wars and beyond. Its versatility, diversity, and empirical depth are bound to make a serious impact in the field.” • Uğur Ümit Üngör, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences