Kurt A. Raaflaub is David Herlihy University Professor and Professor of Classics and History at Brown University.

• Series Editor’s Preface viiNotes on Contributors ix1 Introduction: Searching for Peace in the Ancient World 1Kurt A. Raaflaub2 Making War and Making Peace in Early China 34Robin D. S. Yates3 Ancient India: Peace Within and War Without 53Richard Salomon4 Water under the Straw: Peace in Mesopotamia 66Benjamin R. Foster5 Making, Preserving, and Breaking the Peace with the Hittite State 81Richard H. Beal6 Conflict and Reconciliation in the Ancient Middle East: The Clash of Egyptian and Hittite Chariots in Syria, and the World’s First Peace Treaty between “Superpowers” 98Lanny Bell7 From Achaemenid Imperial Order to Sasanian Diplomacy: War, Peace, and Reconciliation in Pre-Islamic Iran 121Josef Wiesehofer8 War and Reconciliation in the Traditions of Ancient Israel: Historical, Literary, and Ideological Considerations 141Susan Niditch9 “They Shall Beat Their Swords into Plowshares”: A Vision of Peace Through Justice and Its Background in the Hebrew Bible 161Thomas Kruger10 “Laughing for Joy”: War and Peace Among the Greeks 172Lawrence A. Tritle11 War and Reconciliation in Greek Literature 191David Konstan12 War, Peace, Fear and International Law in Ancient Greece 206Victor Alonso13 War and Peace, Fear and Reconciliation at Rome 226Nathan Rosenstein14 The Price of Peace in Ancient Rome 245Carlin A. Barton15 The Gates of War (and Peace): Roman Literary Perspectives 256Jeri Blair DeBrohun16 Early Christian Views on Violence, War, and Peace 279Louis J. Swift17 Fight for God-But Do So with Kindness: Reflections on War, Peace, and Communal Identity in Early Islam 297Fred M. Donner18 Peace, Reconciliation, and Alliance in Aztec Mexico 312Ross Hassig19 War and Peace in the Inca Heartland 329Catherine Julien20 The Long Peace Among Iroquois Nations 348Neta C. CrawfordIndex 369

"This volume brings together an unparalleled wealth of evidence. It combines close analysis of the workings of international relations with generous quotation of sources which illuminate a staggering variety of attitudes to war and peace. Anyone who still believes that the quest for peace is a modern phenomenon is in for a surprise. There is something fascinating and eye-opening here for every reader." Hans van Wees, University College London "An outstanding collection of essays by an extraordinary group of scholars from around the world. The depth and variety of expertise represented here is formidable. Required reading for students of war and diplomacy in antiquity."Barry Strauss, Cornell University, author of The Trojan War: A New History “This volume is most valuable in that it broadens the…perspective of most American historians of the ancient world…always well-written, jargon-free and stimulating.”New England Classical Journal “The contributions provide a diverse array of perspectives on ancient warfare and peacemaking.”Journal of Military History “Raaflaub succeeds in a fascinating tour of the main issues and topics covered in the volume.”Bryn Mawr Classical Review "An excellently written and utterly stimulating book. It has been a delight and privilege to read it."Geoff Harris, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban "The great virtue of the volume is that … the reader is necessarily forced to confront the differences between the ancient and the modern." Polis