Andrew Hoskins is Professor of Cultural Studies at the University of Nottingham.Ben O'Loughlin is Reader in International Relations at Royal Holloway, University of London.

• Acknowledgements xList of Tables and Figures xi1 Introduction 11. Diffused War 32. The Two Phases of Mediatization 153. Conclusion 182 Images 201. Introduction: Do Images of War Show or Hide? 202. Photograph and Flux 233. Mediality 264. Emergence 305. Saddam Hussein’s Execution 326. Conclusion 353 Compassion 371. Introduction: What is Compassion Fatigue? 372. Why News Values Keep Some Stories Off the Radar 393. Exploring Spectator–Sufferer Relations 444. How Do Media Enable or Restrict Compassion? 535. Conclusion 594 Witness 611. Introduction 612. Representation and the Truth of War 633. Witnessing 694. Conclusion 855 Genocide 861. Introduction 862. Premediation and the Holocaust 893. Media Templates 914. The Trnopolje Camp Images 945. Towards an Ethics of Images 976. Emergence 1026 Memory 1041. The Diffusion of Media and Memory 1042. The Second Memory Boom 1063. Media and Holocaust Memory 1084. From Witness to Embodied Memories 1125. The Third Memory Boom 1167 Vectors 1201. Vectors and Globalization 1222. Controlling Vectors 1263. Emergent Vectors 1364. Conclusion 1438 Radicalization 1451. The Mediatization of Radicalization 1472. Diffuse Relations Between Cause and Effect 1503. Uncertainty for Policymakers and Journalists Enables ‘Hypersecurity’ to Emerge 1554. Conclusion 1609 Legitimacy 1621. Introduction: Legitimacy, Representation, Discourse 1622. The Power of Representations 1643. Diffuse War Axes of Representation 1694. Translation and Legitimacy 1795. Conclusion 18310 Methods 1851. Identifying Effects amid Ubiquitous Media 1862. How Do We Analyse Media Practices? 1883. How Do We Analyse Discursive Linking? Nexus Analysis 1894. Conclusion 191Notes 193References 198Further Reading 217Name Index 218Subject Index 223

"By providing a thoroughgoing and meticulous study of one particular kind of reporting from a number of perspectives, and by incorporating a variety of disciplinary insights, the book is able to revisit familiar topics while moving us further into the digital age."Radical Philosophy "The most singular feature of Hoskins and O'Loughlin's' achievement in their comprehensive sweep of scholarship in this multi-disciplinary field of war and media is its critical assessment of existing paradigms and theories, and the development of new ones. The work represents an important and ground-breaking milestone in the development of this relatively new specialism about one of the oldest and most important spheres of human experience."Joseph Oliver Boyd-Barrett, Bowling Green State University "Whether we approach the field of contemporary war and communications through preferred optics of 'control', 'chaos' or perhaps 'complexity', this book challenges us all - and rightly so. It invites us to take seriously how today's media ecology not only mediates contemporary wars, but becomes insinuated inside the course and conduct of warfare itself."Simon Cottle, Cardiff University  "In today's new environment of an apparent never-ending war on terror, governments put together their media strategy with as much care as they construct their military one. This important book helps us understand the fragile relationship between war and media and examine it with a fresh and informed eye."Phillip Knightley, author of The First Casualty, a history of war correspondents and propaganda

Andrew Hoskins is Professor of Cultural Studies at the University of Nottingham.Ben O'Loughlin is Reader in International Relations at Royal Holloway, University of London.

• Acknowledgements xList of Tables and Figures xi1 Introduction 11. Diffused War 32. The Two Phases of Mediatization 153. Conclusion 182 Images 201. Introduction: Do Images of War Show or Hide? 202. Photograph and Flux 233. Mediality 264. Emergence 305. Saddam Hussein’s Execution 326. Conclusion 353 Compassion 371. Introduction: What is Compassion Fatigue? 372. Why News Values Keep Some Stories Off the Radar 393. Exploring Spectator–Sufferer Relations 444. How Do Media Enable or Restrict Compassion? 535. Conclusion 594 Witness 611. Introduction 612. Representation and the Truth of War 633. Witnessing 694. Conclusion 855 Genocide 861. Introduction 862. Premediation and the Holocaust 893. Media Templates 914. The Trnopolje Camp Images 945. Towards an Ethics of Images 976. Emergence 1026 Memory 1041. The Diffusion of Media and Memory 1042. The Second Memory Boom 1063. Media and Holocaust Memory 1084. From Witness to Embodied Memories 1125. The Third Memory Boom 1167 Vectors 1201. Vectors and Globalization 1222. Controlling Vectors 1263. Emergent Vectors 1364. Conclusion 1438 Radicalization 1451. The Mediatization of Radicalization 1472. Diffuse Relations Between Cause and Effect 1503. Uncertainty for Policymakers and Journalists Enables ‘Hypersecurity’ to Emerge 1554. Conclusion 1609 Legitimacy 1621. Introduction: Legitimacy, Representation, Discourse 1622. The Power of Representations 1643. Diffuse War Axes of Representation 1694. Translation and Legitimacy 1795. Conclusion 18310 Methods 1851. Identifying Effects amid Ubiquitous Media 1862. How Do We Analyse Media Practices? 1883. How Do We Analyse Discursive Linking? Nexus Analysis 1894. Conclusion 191Notes 193References 198Further Reading 217Name Index 218Subject Index 223

"By providing a thoroughgoing and meticulous study of one particular kind of reporting from a number of perspectives, and by incorporating a variety of disciplinary insights, the book is able to revisit familiar topics while moving us further into the digital age."Radical Philosophy "The most singular feature of Hoskins and O'Loughlin's' achievement in their comprehensive sweep of scholarship in this multi-disciplinary field of war and media is its critical assessment of existing paradigms and theories, and the development of new ones. The work represents an important and ground-breaking milestone in the development of this relatively new specialism about one of the oldest and most important spheres of human experience."Joseph Oliver Boyd-Barrett, Bowling Green State University "Whether we approach the field of contemporary war and communications through preferred optics of 'control', 'chaos' or perhaps 'complexity', this book challenges us all - and rightly so. It invites us to take seriously how today's media ecology not only mediates contemporary wars, but becomes insinuated inside the course and conduct of warfare itself."Simon Cottle, Cardiff University  "In today's new environment of an apparent never-ending war on terror, governments put together their media strategy with as much care as they construct their military one. This important book helps us understand the fragile relationship between war and media and examine it with a fresh and informed eye."Phillip Knightley, author of The First Casualty, a history of war correspondents and propaganda

Andrew Hoskins is Professor of Cultural Studies at the University of Nottingham.Ben O'Loughlin is Reader in International Relations at Royal Holloway, University of London.

• Acknowledgements xList of Tables and Figures xi1 Introduction 11. Diffused War 32. The Two Phases of Mediatization 153. Conclusion 182 Images 201. Introduction: Do Images of War Show or Hide? 202. Photograph and Flux 233. Mediality 264. Emergence 305. Saddam Hussein’s Execution 326. Conclusion 353 Compassion 371. Introduction: What is Compassion Fatigue? 372. Why News Values Keep Some Stories Off the Radar 393. Exploring Spectator–Sufferer Relations 444. How Do Media Enable or Restrict Compassion? 535. Conclusion 594 Witness 611. Introduction 612. Representation and the Truth of War 633. Witnessing 694. Conclusion 855 Genocide 861. Introduction 862. Premediation and the Holocaust 893. Media Templates 914. The Trnopolje Camp Images 945. Towards an Ethics of Images 976. Emergence 1026 Memory 1041. The Diffusion of Media and Memory 1042. The Second Memory Boom 1063. Media and Holocaust Memory 1084. From Witness to Embodied Memories 1125. The Third Memory Boom 1167 Vectors 1201. Vectors and Globalization 1222. Controlling Vectors 1263. Emergent Vectors 1364. Conclusion 1438 Radicalization 1451. The Mediatization of Radicalization 1472. Diffuse Relations Between Cause and Effect 1503. Uncertainty for Policymakers and Journalists Enables ‘Hypersecurity’ to Emerge 1554. Conclusion 1609 Legitimacy 1621. Introduction: Legitimacy, Representation, Discourse 1622. The Power of Representations 1643. Diffuse War Axes of Representation 1694. Translation and Legitimacy 1795. Conclusion 18310 Methods 1851. Identifying Effects amid Ubiquitous Media 1862. How Do We Analyse Media Practices? 1883. How Do We Analyse Discursive Linking? Nexus Analysis 1894. Conclusion 191Notes 193References 198Further Reading 217Name Index 218Subject Index 223

"By providing a thoroughgoing and meticulous study of one particular kind of reporting from a number of perspectives, and by incorporating a variety of disciplinary insights, the book is able to revisit familiar topics while moving us further into the digital age."Radical Philosophy "The most singular feature of Hoskins and O'Loughlin's' achievement in their comprehensive sweep of scholarship in this multi-disciplinary field of war and media is its critical assessment of existing paradigms and theories, and the development of new ones. The work represents an important and ground-breaking milestone in the development of this relatively new specialism about one of the oldest and most important spheres of human experience."Joseph Oliver Boyd-Barrett, Bowling Green State University "Whether we approach the field of contemporary war and communications through preferred optics of 'control', 'chaos' or perhaps 'complexity', this book challenges us all - and rightly so. It invites us to take seriously how today's media ecology not only mediates contemporary wars, but becomes insinuated inside the course and conduct of warfare itself."Simon Cottle, Cardiff University  "In today's new environment of an apparent never-ending war on terror, governments put together their media strategy with as much care as they construct their military one. This important book helps us understand the fragile relationship between war and media and examine it with a fresh and informed eye."Phillip Knightley, author of The First Casualty, a history of war correspondents and propaganda