Bioethicists have a difficult time addressing the question of whether or not incarcerated persons should participate in medical and scientific research. As history demonstrates, approaches that are too permissive, on one hand, have led to the exploitation and abuse of prisoners; approaches that are too strict, on the other, can deny prisoners the right to enjoy the benefits of science. In this valuable contribution to the bioethical literature, Elizabeth Victor employs the concept of well-being considered along multiple dimensions, combined with a nuanced exploration of what it means to be vulnerable, to develop a balanced approach to research that allows incarcerated persons to be potential participants while still protecting their interests. This book will be of interest to bioethicists, rights theorists, and those concerned with the well-being of those who are incarcerated; it should be read by medical and scientific researchers, policy makers, and members of Institutional Review Boards.