Voices and Views

Deborah Dwork is the Rose Professor of Holocaust History at Clark University. She is the author of Children with a Star: Jewish Youth in Nazi Europe and co-author with Robert Jan van Pelt of Auschwitz: 1270 to the Present.

• Maps and Charts; Preface - Paul Goldberger; Dedication - Rabbi Harold Schulweis; Acknowledgements - Deborah Dwork and Stanlee J. Stahl; Introduction - Deborah Dwork; Chapter I: Jews, Gentiles, and Germans; Christian Anti-Semitism and Secular Anti-Semitism - William Nicholls; Antisemitism - Robert S. Wistrich; Judaism in Music - Richard Wagner; What is German? - Richard Wagner; Chapter II: World War I and the Inter-War Period; A Wilderness Called Peace - Eugen Weber; Germany's Turn to the East - Deborah Dwork and Robert Jan van Pelt; The Old Order - Eugen Diesel; The Trauma of Military Defeat and Economic Ruin 1919-23 - Klaus P. Fischer; Poland - Ezra Mendelsohn; Jewish Life Between the Wars - Ezra Mendelsohn; Believe, Obey, Fight - Tracy H. Koon; Chapter III: The National Socialist Regime; On the History of the Concentration Camps - Wolfgang Sofsky; Nazi Policy Against the Jews - William Carr; The November Pogrom and Its Aftermath - Marion A. Kaplan; The Third Reich - Deborah Dwork and Robert Jan van Pelt; Chapter IV: Refugee Policy; Roosevelt's New Deal Humanitarianism - Henry L. Feingold; The Abandonment of the Jews - David S. Wyman; Sealing the Escape Routes - Bernard Wasserstein; Rescue Efforts - Michael R. Marrus; Chapter V: Gentile Life Under German Occupation; The Black Book of Poland - The Polish Ministry of Information; France Under German Occupation - Margaret Collins Weitz; Under State Protection - Leni Yahil; Chapter VI: Jewish Life Under German Occupation; At Home and In Secret - Deborah Dwork; The Jewish Councils - Isaiah Trunk; Scroll of Agony - Chaim A. Kaplan; Behind the Walls - Janina Bauman; Days of Battle - Yisrael Gutman; Chapter VII: The Machinery of Death and the Murderers; Der Untermensch - Reichsfuhrer-SS, SS-Hauptamt; The Einsatzgruppen Reports - Yitzhak Arad, Shmuel Krakowski, and Shmuel Spector, eds.; Initiation to Mass Murder: The Jozefow Massacre - Christopher R. Browning; Origins of the Killing Centers - Raul Hilberg; Belzec and Treblinka - Saul Friedlander; The Holocaust at Auschwitz - Deborah Dwork and Robert Jan van Pelt; Gypsies - (Yehuda Bauer); On the Bottom - (Primo Levi); Chapter VIII: Rescue; Into Hiding - Deborah Dwork; Wallenberg's Last Acts, His Unique Achievement - Per Anger; The Rescue of Jews in the Italian Zone of Occupied Croatia - Daniel Carpi; The Jewish Question - Guenter Lewy; Consenting Elites, Threatened Elites - Saul Friedlander; Help--1940-1944 - Philip P. Hallie; Chapter IX: The Rescuers; Rescue Attempts Out of Lithuania - Yehuda Bauer; From Self-Preservation to Rescue - Nechama Tec; Becoming a Rescuer: Overcoming Social Psychological and Physical Barriers - Nechama Tec; Helpers, Gainers, and Onlookers - Raul Hilberg; Refugees - Miep Gies; Magda Trocme - Carol Rittner and R.S.M. Sondra Myers; Chapter X: After the Holocaust; Jews of the Surviving Remnant - Mark Wyman; The Drowned and the Saved - Primo Levi; The Netherlands - Deborah Dwork and Robert Jan van Pelt; On the Place of the Holocaust in History - Yehuda Bauer.

Events happen because they are possible. If they are possible once they are possible again. In that sense the Holocaust is not unprecedented, but a warning for the future. - Yehuda Bauer