Ingvild Flaskerud is Post-doctoral Fellow at Uni Global, the University of Bergen, Norway.

• Note on Transliteration; Preface and Acknowledgements; Introduction; Part I - Imam Ali in Portraiture; 1. The Emergence of a Prototypical Model and its Survival; 2. Imam Ali in Shia Memory; 3. The Iconography of Imam Ali and its Reception; Part II - The Battle of Karbala; 4. The Battle at Karbala in Shia Memory and Piety; 5. Visual Karbala Narratives in Shia Piety; 6. The Parcham Wall-hanging; 7. Representation and Reception of Karbala in Colour Posters; Part III - Images and Decorative Designs in Ritual Space; 8. The Image as a Votive Gift; 9. Images in the Liturgy of Commemoration and Celebration; 10. Decorative Programmes across Gendered Ritual Space; 11. Transposing Iconography; Conclusion; Bibliography; Index.

'Flaskerud explores the visibility of popular Iranian Shi'ism in the context of concrete devotional practices and tackles questions of iconography, epigraphy, representation, emotion and subjectivity in an exemplary way with analytical depth. Developing a visual vocabulary of commodified devotional aids used in various private and communal rituals she acknowledges the sensory embeddedness of material culture. Through her historically grounded study Flaskerud aptly shows the importance of votive images in quotidian religious practice thereby providing many new insights into lived Iranian Twelver Shi'ism.' Jürgen Wasim Frembgen, Museum of Ethnology Munich & Institute of Near and Middle Eastern Studies, University of Munich, Germany

Ingvild Flaskerud is Post-doctoral Fellow at Uni Global, the University of Bergen, Norway.

• Note on Transliteration; Preface and Acknowledgements; Introduction; Part I - Imam Ali in Portraiture; 1. The Emergence of a Prototypical Model and its Survival; 2. Imam Ali in Shia Memory; 3. The Iconography of Imam Ali and its Reception; Part II - The Battle of Karbala; 4. The Battle at Karbala in Shia Memory and Piety; 5. Visual Karbala Narratives in Shia Piety; 6. The Parcham Wall-hanging; 7. Representation and Reception of Karbala in Colour Posters; Part III - Images and Decorative Designs in Ritual Space; 8. The Image as a Votive Gift; 9. Images in the Liturgy of Commemoration and Celebration; 10. Decorative Programmes across Gendered Ritual Space; 11. Transposing Iconography; Conclusion; Bibliography; Index.

'Flaskerud explores the visibility of popular Iranian Shi'ism in the context of concrete devotional practices and tackles questions of iconography, epigraphy, representation, emotion and subjectivity in an exemplary way with analytical depth. Developing a visual vocabulary of commodified devotional aids used in various private and communal rituals she acknowledges the sensory embeddedness of material culture. Through her historically grounded study Flaskerud aptly shows the importance of votive images in quotidian religious practice thereby providing many new insights into lived Iranian Twelver Shi'ism.' Jürgen Wasim Frembgen, Museum of Ethnology Munich & Institute of Near and Middle Eastern Studies, University of Munich, Germany

Ingvild Flaskerud is Post-doctoral Fellow at Uni Global, the University of Bergen, Norway.

• Note on Transliteration; Preface and Acknowledgements; Introduction; Part I - Imam Ali in Portraiture; 1. The Emergence of a Prototypical Model and its Survival; 2. Imam Ali in Shia Memory; 3. The Iconography of Imam Ali and its Reception; Part II - The Battle of Karbala; 4. The Battle at Karbala in Shia Memory and Piety; 5. Visual Karbala Narratives in Shia Piety; 6. The Parcham Wall-hanging; 7. Representation and Reception of Karbala in Colour Posters; Part III - Images and Decorative Designs in Ritual Space; 8. The Image as a Votive Gift; 9. Images in the Liturgy of Commemoration and Celebration; 10. Decorative Programmes across Gendered Ritual Space; 11. Transposing Iconography; Conclusion; Bibliography; Index.

'Flaskerud explores the visibility of popular Iranian Shi'ism in the context of concrete devotional practices and tackles questions of iconography, epigraphy, representation, emotion and subjectivity in an exemplary way with analytical depth. Developing a visual vocabulary of commodified devotional aids used in various private and communal rituals she acknowledges the sensory embeddedness of material culture. Through her historically grounded study Flaskerud aptly shows the importance of votive images in quotidian religious practice thereby providing many new insights into lived Iranian Twelver Shi'ism.' Jürgen Wasim Frembgen, Museum of Ethnology Munich & Institute of Near and Middle Eastern Studies, University of Munich, Germany