Visual Impairment in Children due to Damage to the Brain

Gordon Dutton, Consultant Paediatric Ophthalmologist and Professor of Vision Science, Department of Vision Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK. Martin Bax, Emeritus Reader in Child Health, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Imperial College, London, UK.

• Authors’ Appointments ixForeword xiiiPreface xvIntroduction 11 The Functional Organization of the Central Visual Pathways 5Melvyn A. Goodale2 Causes of Damage to the Visual Brain 203 Clinical Features and Diagnostic Imaging of Damage to the Visual Brain 414 Impairments of Central Visual Function and its Measurements 77William V. Good and Anne B. Fulton5 Impairment of Peripheral Vision and its Measurements 85Giorgio Porro and Dienke Wiffebol-Post6 Abnormalities of Refraction and Accommodation and their Management 98J. Margaret Woodhouse7 Clinical Features of Perceptual and Cognitive Visual Impairment in Children with Brain Damage of Early Onset 106Gordon N. Dutton, with Elisabeth Macdonald, Suzannah R. Drummond, Shohista Saidkasimova, and Katherine Mitchell8 Impairment of Cognitive Vision: Its Detection and Measurement 1179 The Effect of Impaired Vision on Development 162Elisa Fazzi, Sabrina G. Signorini, and Josée Lanners10 Psychiatric Considerations in Cortical Visual Impairment 174Roger D. Freeman11 Children with Severe Brain Damage: Functional Assessment for Diagnosis and Intervention 181Jenefer Sargent, Alison Salt and Naomi Dale12 Visual Impairment in Cerebral Palsy 194Elisa Fazzi, Sabrina G. Signorini, and Paolo E. Bianchi13 Children with Intellectual Disabilities and Cerebral Visual Impairment: Problems with Detection and Diagnosis 205Heleen M. Evenhuls14 Practical Approaches for the Management of Visual Problems Due to Cerebral Visual Impairment 217Gordon N. Dutton, with Debbie Cockburn, Gillian McDald, and Elisabeth Macdonald15 Strategies to Support the Development and Learning of Children with Cerebral Visual Impairment at Home and at School: Communication, Orientation, and Mobility 22716 Approaches to the Management in Schools of Visual Problems Due to Cerebral Visual Impairment 236Marianna Buultjens, Lea Hyvärinen, and Renate Walthes17 Strategies to Help Children who have Both Visual and Hearing Impairments 245Stuart Aitken18 Setting up Integrated Services for Children with Cerebral Visual Impairment 257Margot Campbell and Marianna Buultjens19 Classification of Visual Functioning and Disability in Children with Visual Processing Disorders 265Lea Hyvärinen20 Towards the Development of a Classification of Vision-Related Functioning – A Potential Framework 282August ColenbranderAppendix: Conversion Table for Different Measures of Visual Activity 295Glossary 323Index 337

"The book contains some very novel concepts, which will be of great practical value to those who care for children with visual impairment due to brain injury" (Breitbart.com: Business Wire, 16 February 2011) “this text is a much needed seminal contribution to the growing awareness and knowledge about the number one cause of pediatric vision loss in developed countries. The availability of such diverse amount of compiled research and information in a single publication makes it a valuable and necessary contribution to professional libraries.” (Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, April 2011)