Ivy Roberts is an interdisciplinary film/media studies scholar who researches in the fields of cultural history, visual culture, and STS. She holds a Ph.D. from Virginia Commonwealth’s interdisciplinary program in Media, Art, and Text.

• Introduction: The Lifespan of a Media Technology, The Telephonoscope: How a Satire of Electric Light became a Visual Telephone, The Far-Sight Machine and the Kinetograph: How Television Brought Liveness to the Cinema, Human Seeing-Machines: From Annihilating Space to Mediated Vision Interlude, The Illuminating Engineers: Standardizing Vision The Ikonophone: Bell Laboratory's Two-Way Television Project, Epilogue, Bibliography, Index

Ivy Roberts is an interdisciplinary film/media studies scholar who researches in the fields of cultural history, visual culture, and STS. She holds a Ph.D. from Virginia Commonwealth’s interdisciplinary program in Media, Art, and Text.

• Introduction: The Lifespan of a Media Technology, The Telephonoscope: How a Satire of Electric Light became a Visual Telephone, The Far-Sight Machine and the Kinetograph: How Television Brought Liveness to the Cinema, Human Seeing-Machines: From Annihilating Space to Mediated Vision Interlude, The Illuminating Engineers: Standardizing Vision The Ikonophone: Bell Laboratory's Two-Way Television Project, Epilogue, Bibliography, Index

Ivy Roberts is an interdisciplinary film/media studies scholar who researches in the fields of cultural history, visual culture, and STS. She holds a Ph.D. from Virginia Commonwealth’s interdisciplinary program in Media, Art, and Text.

• Introduction: The Lifespan of a Media Technology, The Telephonoscope: How a Satire of Electric Light became a Visual Telephone, The Far-Sight Machine and the Kinetograph: How Television Brought Liveness to the Cinema, Human Seeing-Machines: From Annihilating Space to Mediated Vision Interlude, The Illuminating Engineers: Standardizing Vision The Ikonophone: Bell Laboratory's Two-Way Television Project, Epilogue, Bibliography, Index