Sonia Lucarelli is Adjunct Professor of International Relations at the University of Bologna at Forlì. Her research interests include IR theory, European security, EU foreign policy. Her publications include: Europe and the Breakup of Yugoslavia. A Political Failure in Search of a Scholarly Explanation; and Mobilising Politics and Society? The EU Convention’s Impact on Southern Europe.Ian Manners is a Senior Lecturer in Political Science at Malmö University. His research interests include European integration theory and the European Union’s external actions. His publications include Substance and Symbolism: an Anatomy of Cooperation in the New Europe; and with Richard Whitman (eds.) The Foreign Policies of European Union Member States. His article ‘Normative Power Europe: a Contradiction in Terms?’ won the prize for the best article in the Journal of Common Market Studies for 2002.