Urolithiasis

Michael E. Moran, M.D.Curator, Wiliam P. Didusch Center for Urologic History, American Urological Association, Linthicum, MD, USAFormer President and Secretary to the R.O.C.K. Society, dedicated to urolithiasis research

• A History of Histories.- Epistemology and Lithology.- Laboring Under the Stone: A Literary Legacy of Lithiasis.- Paleolithology.- Greco-Roman Stone Disease.- Dark Ages, Dark Therapies.- Renaissance of Urolithiasis.- van Beverwijck-The Bridge from Ancient to Modern.- Enlightened Minds and Stone Disease.- Charlatans, Quacks & Joanna Stephens.- Evolution of Stone Disease.- Founding Fathers of Stone Chemistry.- Famous Stone Sufferers.- Frederik Ruysch’s Fascination With Urolithiasis.- Gray’s Anatomy of Stones: Henry Vandyke Carter.- The Stone Hospital & Stone Treatment.- Liesegang’s Rings.- Lithotomy.- Litholapaxy- Civiale to Bigelow, von Kern controversy (1828).- Imaging the Beast- Sounding, Lithoscopes and Röntgen Rays.- Rise of “Science” in Stone Disease.- Fictitious Stones and Sir William Osler.- Early Modern Stone Disease.- Epidemiology.- Pathophysiology.- The Rarest Stone of All!.- The Largest Stone of All!.- Lithotripsy: From Rocket Science to the Clinic.- Modern Stone Science.- Equal Rights: Stone Disease and Females.- Urologist’s Guide to the Galaxy.- Towards Keeping the Hippocratic Oath (Six Sigma).- Epilogue.