Urban Air Pollution

Shinji Wakamatsu, born in 1946 Hokkaido University (1968, 1970 Mr.Eng.) 1979 Dr.Eng. Professor, Ehime University President of JSAE (Japan Society for Atmospheric Environment) Project leader of SATREPS Mexico-Japan project "Joint Research Project on Formation Mechanism of Ozone, VOCs and PM2.5 and Proposal of Countermeasure Scenarios" Isao Kanda, born in 1967 University of California, San Diego (2001) PhD. Part-time lecturer, Ehime University Researcher of SATREPS Mexico-Japan project "Joint Research Project on Formation Mechanism of Ozone, VOCs and PM2.5 and Proposal of Countermeasure Scenarios".

• Chapter 1, Air pollutants and recent status of Air pollution-Chemical composition, effects and emission of criteria pollutants -Anthropogenic and Natural sources.- Gaseous air pollutants and particulate air pollutants.- Transformation from gas to particles.- Primary and secondary air pollution.- Life time and residence time of air pollutants.- Air pollution standards in the world.- Non criteria pollutants (VOCs, Chemical composition of PM2.5 etc.)-Relationship between global warming gas, SLCF and air pollutants.- Hazardous air pollutants, POPs, and Mercury. Chapter 2, Characteristics of Air pollution in Mexico, Japan, USA and China Comparison of ozone, VOCs and PM2.5 status in model cities (Mexico, Japan, USA and China).- Japan: Tokyo Metropolitan area, Osaka Metropolitan area, Chukyo area and Chugoku-Shikoku area(inner sea area and Matsuyama area) -USA: Comparison of air pollutants trends in West coast and East coast.- Mexico: Comparison of air pollutants trends in Mega City area of DF, Guadalajara Megacity area, Monterrey Megacity area and US-Mexico border area-China: Winter time PM2.5 formation mechanism in China (from the original measurements of PM2.5 species during 2013 and 2014). Compare with London smog episode in December 1952.- (WHO and OECD reports for model cities）Chapter 3, Air pollution Chemistry Recent findings of air pollution formation mechanisms related to atmospheric chemistry are introduced. Especially, non-linear cross relationship between air pollutants will be discussed. -Air pollutants(Criteria pollutants and other pollutants, Emission source) -Photochemical air pollution formation mechanism-Sulfate formation mechanism-VOC species and emission source-PM2.5 formation process Chapter 4, Air pollution Meteorology Recent findings of air pollution formation mechanisms related to meteorology and climatology are introduced. -Boundary Layer meteorology, -Interaction between Stratosphere and Troposphere-Stratospheric Ozone intrusion into the Troposphere-Temporal and aerial scale of air pollution-Chemical and Physical processes of air pollution-Road side air pollution (Wind tunnel study and modeling) -Urban/Regional air pollution -Secondary air pollution and air pollution modeling-Necessity of three dimensional observation and analysis-Trans boundary air pollution, such as between China and Japan, USA and Mexico etc. Chapter 5, Measurement methods of Ozone, VOCs, PM2.5 and air pollution monitoringAnalytical and observational methods of Ozone, VOCs, PM2.5 (used in SATREPS project) and air pollution monitoring procedure are introduced. Ozone-Vertical measurement of ozone using ECC ozone sensor.- Effects of volcanic gas (SO2) for ECC sensor.- Horizontal and vertical measurement of ozone using mobile observation.- Mountain monitoring of Ozone. VOCs-Quantification of VOCs Standard gas -Calibration method in VOCs measurement-Accuracy and error in VOCs measurement -VOCs sampling methods and analytical methods PM2.5-Accuracy and error in PM2.5 measurement -PM2.5 sampling methods and analytical methods-VOCs sampling methods and analytical methods Air pollution Monitoring-Monitoring equipment and procedure-Calibration method-Data screening method Chapter 6, Observation of Ozone, VOCs, PM2.5 and Comparison-Comparison of vertical distribution of ozone with middle latitude area(Japan) and low latitude area(Mexico)-Comparison of VOCs concentration and trend with Japan and Mexico.- Comparison of PM2.5 concentration and trend with Japan and Mexico.- PM2.5 concentration in China. London smog and Beijing smog in winter season (Continue to Comment from Editorial).