Felicity Amaya Schaeffer is Professor of Feminist Studies and Critical Race and Ethnic Studies at the University of California, Santa Cruz, author of Love and Empire: Cybermarriage and Citizenship across the Americas, and coeditor of Precarity and Belonging: Labor, Migration, and Noncitizenship.

• Preface. TimeSpaces of Dispossession to the Forging of Indigenous Relations with Land  ixAcknowledgments  xiiiIntroduction. Tracking Footprints: Settler Surveillance across Unsettled Borders  11. “The Eyes of the Army”: Indian Scouts and the Rise of Military Innovation during the Apache Wars  292. Occupation on Sacred Land: Colliding Sovereignties on the Tohono O’odham Reservation  553. Automated Border Control: Criminalizing the “Hidden Intent” of Migrant/Native Embodiment  814. From the Eyes of the Bees: Biorobotic Border Security and the Resurgence of Bee Collectives in the YucatÁn  104Conclusion. Wild versus Sacred: The Ongoing Border War against Indigenous Peoples  139Notes  153Bibliography  185Index  201

“[Unsettled Borders] includes an impressively documented bibliography. The text ultimately succeeds in telling a story of violence against Indigenous peoples and their cultures, perpetrated in the name of border security, and documenting the use of surveillance technology, which has permanently altered the landscape. Recommended.” - G. Christensen (Choice) "Unsettled Borders makes an outstanding contribution to replacing some of the missing pieces while incorporating neocolonialism and interethnic borders into state border studies. Its author, Felicity Amaya Schaeffer, builds a great basis for a problem that is gaining greater visibility, exposing an equal criminalization of migrant people and indigenous communities." - Tania Porcaro (Journal of Borderlands Studies) "I loved the big picture and provocative ideas that expanded my own understanding of topics I have studied for many years. . . . The book centers Indigenous perspectives to demonstrate not only the contributions Indigenous science has made to (or rather, been appropriated by) the military-industrial/border-security complex, but also the ways that Indigenous scholarship contributes to our understanding of this dynamic from a critical thinking perspective. The primary focus of the book is U.S. borders and Arizona features prominently therein, but the lessons go well beyond this geography as approaches to border security have become globalized." - Kenneth D. Madsen (Indigenous Religious Traditions) "Unsettled Borders is a rich and skillful analysis of military discourse, settler technoscience, and ethnographic materials primarily devoted to events in the Arizona-Sonora borderlands, but with resonances across other settler colonial spaces (within and beyond the United States)." - Iván Chaar López (Postcolonial Studies) “Unsettled Borders successfully crafts new spaces of solidarity. It is theoretically nuanced, data-rich, and artfully executed.” - Fantasia Painter (American Indian Culture and Research Journal) “Unsettled Borders brings together an extraordinary range of disciplines to offer a refreshing new perspective on the histories and futures of surveillance and Indigenous exclusion in the U.S.– Mexico borderlands.” - Sheila McManus (Wicazo Sa Review)

Felicity Amaya Schaeffer is Professor of Feminist Studies and Critical Race and Ethnic Studies at the University of California, Santa Cruz, author of Love and Empire: Cybermarriage and Citizenship across the Americas, and coeditor of Precarity and Belonging: Labor, Migration, and Noncitizenship.

• Preface. TimeSpaces of Dispossession to the Forging of Indigenous Relations with Land  ixAcknowledgments  xiiiIntroduction. Tracking Footprints: Settler Surveillance across Unsettled Borders  11. “The Eyes of the Army”: Indian Scouts and the Rise of Military Innovation during the Apache Wars  292. Occupation on Sacred Land: Colliding Sovereignties on the Tohono O’odham Reservation  553. Automated Border Control: Criminalizing the “Hidden Intent” of Migrant/Native Embodiment  814. From the Eyes of the Bees: Biorobotic Border Security and the Resurgence of Bee Collectives in the YucatÁn  104Conclusion. Wild versus Sacred: The Ongoing Border War against Indigenous Peoples  139Notes  153Bibliography  185Index  201

“[Unsettled Borders] includes an impressively documented bibliography. The text ultimately succeeds in telling a story of violence against Indigenous peoples and their cultures, perpetrated in the name of border security, and documenting the use of surveillance technology, which has permanently altered the landscape. Recommended.” - G. Christensen (Choice) "Unsettled Borders makes an outstanding contribution to replacing some of the missing pieces while incorporating neocolonialism and interethnic borders into state border studies. Its author, Felicity Amaya Schaeffer, builds a great basis for a problem that is gaining greater visibility, exposing an equal criminalization of migrant people and indigenous communities." - Tania Porcaro (Journal of Borderlands Studies) "I loved the big picture and provocative ideas that expanded my own understanding of topics I have studied for many years. . . . The book centers Indigenous perspectives to demonstrate not only the contributions Indigenous science has made to (or rather, been appropriated by) the military-industrial/border-security complex, but also the ways that Indigenous scholarship contributes to our understanding of this dynamic from a critical thinking perspective. The primary focus of the book is U.S. borders and Arizona features prominently therein, but the lessons go well beyond this geography as approaches to border security have become globalized." - Kenneth D. Madsen (Indigenous Religious Traditions) "Unsettled Borders is a rich and skillful analysis of military discourse, settler technoscience, and ethnographic materials primarily devoted to events in the Arizona-Sonora borderlands, but with resonances across other settler colonial spaces (within and beyond the United States)." - Iván Chaar López (Postcolonial Studies) “Unsettled Borders successfully crafts new spaces of solidarity. It is theoretically nuanced, data-rich, and artfully executed.” - Fantasia Painter (American Indian Culture and Research Journal) “Unsettled Borders brings together an extraordinary range of disciplines to offer a refreshing new perspective on the histories and futures of surveillance and Indigenous exclusion in the U.S.– Mexico borderlands.” - Sheila McManus (Wicazo Sa Review)

Felicity Amaya Schaeffer is Professor of Feminist Studies and Critical Race and Ethnic Studies at the University of California, Santa Cruz, author of Love and Empire: Cybermarriage and Citizenship across the Americas, and coeditor of Precarity and Belonging: Labor, Migration, and Noncitizenship.

• Preface. TimeSpaces of Dispossession to the Forging of Indigenous Relations with Land  ixAcknowledgments  xiiiIntroduction. Tracking Footprints: Settler Surveillance across Unsettled Borders  11. “The Eyes of the Army”: Indian Scouts and the Rise of Military Innovation during the Apache Wars  292. Occupation on Sacred Land: Colliding Sovereignties on the Tohono O’odham Reservation  553. Automated Border Control: Criminalizing the “Hidden Intent” of Migrant/Native Embodiment  814. From the Eyes of the Bees: Biorobotic Border Security and the Resurgence of Bee Collectives in the YucatÁn  104Conclusion. Wild versus Sacred: The Ongoing Border War against Indigenous Peoples  139Notes  153Bibliography  185Index  201

“[Unsettled Borders] includes an impressively documented bibliography. The text ultimately succeeds in telling a story of violence against Indigenous peoples and their cultures, perpetrated in the name of border security, and documenting the use of surveillance technology, which has permanently altered the landscape. Recommended.” - G. Christensen (Choice) "Unsettled Borders makes an outstanding contribution to replacing some of the missing pieces while incorporating neocolonialism and interethnic borders into state border studies. Its author, Felicity Amaya Schaeffer, builds a great basis for a problem that is gaining greater visibility, exposing an equal criminalization of migrant people and indigenous communities." - Tania Porcaro (Journal of Borderlands Studies) "I loved the big picture and provocative ideas that expanded my own understanding of topics I have studied for many years. . . . The book centers Indigenous perspectives to demonstrate not only the contributions Indigenous science has made to (or rather, been appropriated by) the military-industrial/border-security complex, but also the ways that Indigenous scholarship contributes to our understanding of this dynamic from a critical thinking perspective. The primary focus of the book is U.S. borders and Arizona features prominently therein, but the lessons go well beyond this geography as approaches to border security have become globalized." - Kenneth D. Madsen (Indigenous Religious Traditions) "Unsettled Borders is a rich and skillful analysis of military discourse, settler technoscience, and ethnographic materials primarily devoted to events in the Arizona-Sonora borderlands, but with resonances across other settler colonial spaces (within and beyond the United States)." - Iván Chaar López (Postcolonial Studies) “Unsettled Borders successfully crafts new spaces of solidarity. It is theoretically nuanced, data-rich, and artfully executed.” - Fantasia Painter (American Indian Culture and Research Journal) “Unsettled Borders brings together an extraordinary range of disciplines to offer a refreshing new perspective on the histories and futures of surveillance and Indigenous exclusion in the U.S.– Mexico borderlands.” - Sheila McManus (Wicazo Sa Review)