Michael Cox is a Founding Director of LSE IDEAS and Emeritus Professor in International Relations at LSE. He was appointed to a Chair in International Relations at the School in 2002. His more recent publications include a new edition of EH Carr’s The Twenty Years’ Crisis and a collection of his own essays entitled The Post-Cold War World, published in 2018. In 2019 he published a new edition of JM Keynes’s The Economic Consequences of the Peace, and in 2021 he edited and brought out EH Carr’s 1945 long out of print classic Nationalism and After. His most recent book, Agonies of Empire: American Power from Clinton to Biden, was published in 2022. He is currently completing a volume for Polity Books called Comrades: Xi Jinping, Putin and the Challenge to Western Liberal Order.Irene Bucelli (managing editor) is a Research Officer at the LSE School of Public Policy and programme coordinator for the Beveridge 2.0: Redefining the Social Contract initiative. She is also a Research Officer at the Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion at LSE where her research focuses on multidimensional inequality, poverty and deprivation.Nicholas Reed Langen (content editor) is a writer and commentator on legal and constitutional affairs. He was a Re:Constitution fellow from 2021 to 2022. His writing has featured in the London Review of Books, Project Syndicate, the Church Times and other publications.

• List of FiguresEditorContributors1 Introduction The International System in the shadow of the Russian war in UkraineMichael Cox2 The War in Ukraine and the Return of HistoryChristopher CokerPart 1 Russia3 Who Supports the War And Who Protests The Legacies of Tzarist Social Divide in RussiaTomila Lankina4 Rewriting History and Gathering the Russian Lands Vladimir Putin and Ukrainian NationhoodBjörn Alexander Düben5 The Securitised Others of Russian Nationalism in Ukraine and RussiaEleanor KnottPart 2 Ukraine6 The Making of Independent UkraineSerhy Yekelchyk7 Russia’s Networked Authoritarianism in Ukraine’s Occupied Territories During the Full Scale Invasion Control and ResilienceTetyana Lokot8 Ukraine’s Decentralisation Reforms and the Path to Reconstruction Recovery and European IntegrationTamara KrawchenkoPart 3 Impact9 Uprooting and Borders The Digital Architecture of the Ukrainian Refugee CrisisMyria Georgiou and Marek Troszyński10 Weaponised Energy and Climate Change Assessing Europe’s Response to the Ukraine WarRobert Falkner11 New Dynamics New Opportunities Trends in Organised Crime in Ukraine After Russia’s InvasionGlobal Initiative Against Transnational Organized CrimePart 4 The West12 War in Ukraine in a Polarised AmericaPeter Harris Iren Marinova and Gabriella Gricius13 Europe and Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine Where Does the EU StandNathalie Tocci14 After Merkel Germany from Peace to WarKristina SpohrPart 5 The Rest15 Comrades Xi Putin and the Challenge to the WestMichael Cox16 The Global South and Russia’s Invasion of UkraineChris AldenPart 6 The Economics of War17 Mr Putin and the Chronicle of a Normalisation ForetoldJagjit S. Chadha18 Reconstructing and Reforming UkraineErik Berglöf and Vladyslav RashkovanAnnex A Ukraine’s Timeline From Independence to WarAnnex B The Geography of War