John Willis is Curator of Economic History at the Canadian Museum of History. A graduate of Universite Laval, with a doctorate in historical geography, Dr. Willis has worked on the history of labour relations, the mail-order catalogue, postal communication, migration and industrialization. His current work focuses on the history of the Canadian-American border. He is editor of the Mercury Series and an adjunct research professor of History at Carleton University.

• AbstractRésuméAcknowledgementsIntroductionJohn WillisReferences Part I IntroductionPrehistoric FishKaren Ryan Chapitre 1Les Français dans leseaux nord-américaines au xvie siècle : un retour légitime sur le contexte del’époqueBernard AllaireIntroductionLes Français àTerre-Neuve au début du xvie siècleLa volonté royaleLes facteurs del’augmentation de la présence françaiseLes domainesd’exploitation lucratifs : morues, baleines et pelleteriesConclusion etperspectives futuresLa recherchetransnationaleOuvrages cités Chapter 2Fisher Men at Work: The Material Culture ofthe Champ PayaFishing Room as a Gendered SitePeter E PopeIntroductionExcavations at Champ PayaSeasonal Fishing Rooms as Gendered SitesThe Material Expression of GenderFar from HomeReferences Chapter 3Life in a French Atlantic Fishing Village:A Look at the Outportsof Île Royale 1713–1758Anne Marie Lane Jonah, with Rebecca DunhamIntroductionThe North Atlantic FisheryLeaving NewfoundlandSettling Île RoyaleSettling the OutportsHabitants-pêcheurs and FishermenA Transatlantic Community/Cross-CulturalEncountersThe Impact of WarBeneath the SurfaceReferences Chapter 4Bread Ovens and Baking inNineteenth-Century BretonFishing Stations of NewfoundlandGeneviève GodboutNorth Atlantic FisheriesThe Champ Paya Bread OvenBread and Baking in Modern BrittanyComplexity and ReciprocityAcknowledgementsReferences Chapter 5The Atlantic Travels of Henri Brunet, aMigrant Merchantin Seventeenth-Century French NewfoundlandAmanda CromptonFishing and Trading in Early Modern FrenchNewfoundlandBrunet’s PapersBrunet’s Business AssociatesTraveller, Merchant, MarinerPeople and Places in NewfoundlandConclusionAcknowledgementsReferences Part IIIntroduction:Tobacco TeethJanet Young Chapter 6Smoking Pipes as Signifiers of FrenchCreole IdentityGregory A Waselkov Introduction The Creation of French North AmericanIdentities Mi’kmaq-Style Smoking Pipes as IdentitySignifiers Southern Distribution of Mi’kmaq-StyleSmoking Pipes Louisiane Le Pays des Illinois Reconsidering Mi’kmaq-Style Pipes Acknowledgements References  Chapitre 7Les « batteaux plats »de Nouvelle‑FranceCharles Dagneau  Introduction La construction desbatteaux plats Une productioncontinue et standardisée L’utilisation desbatteaux plats Une embarcationadaptée à son environnement Les batteaux du roi :une réalité coloniale nord-américaine Conclusion Ouvrages cités  Chapter 8If These Pots Could Talk: French Stonewarein Eastern Canada,circa 1540–1760Mélanie J Gervais Introduction Methodology Characterization of French Stoneware Technical Aspects, Forms, and Functions French Production Regions The Distribution of French Stoneware inQuebec Provenance Regions in France French Stoneware Outside Quebec Contexts of Use of French Stoneware Fisheries Transatlantic and Colonial Trade Settlement and Religious Institutions Conclusion Acknowledgements References  Chapitre 9Habitants, autoritéset délits en Nouvelle-France :les Montréalais et latraite des fourruresLéon Robichaud Introduction Définir la normelocale, 1642-1668 L’ingérence desgouverneurs, 1668-1685 Les défis de larépression, 1685-1703 Conclusion Ouvrages cités  Chapter 10Glimpses from Both Sides of the Palisade:Historic Archaeologyat Fort Churchill or New Severn Post(GlIw-1)Jean-Luc Pilon Introduction Locating Fort Churchill or New Severn Post(GlIw-1) GlIw-1—History  Ancient History A) A continuously changing landscape B) An ancient human presence C) Washahoe Inninou: the people of theSevern River Recent HistoryA) Initial European references to theSevern River B) The Short Life of Fort Churchill or NewSevern Post  C) Archaeological investigations at GlIw-1;Fort Churchillor New Severn Post rises from the ashes  The Archaeology inside thePalisade––GlIw-1, Feature A Excavation Areas and Collection Context  The Collection A) Clasp knife  B) Rings  C) Coarse earthenware  D) Faunal remains  Discussion The Archaeology outside thePalisade––Feature B Feature B, Western Area A) Stratigraphy and artifact distribution(see table 101, fig 1012) B) A European feature C) Artifacts––Level IV, all categories Feature B––Eastern Area A) Stratigraphy and artifact distribution(table 102, fig 1019) Discussion From Both Sides of the Palisade Practical Considerations Complicating Factors Comparisons A) Kaolin pipes B) Glass beads C) Firearms and ammunition D) Tinkling cones E) Re-purposed metal knife F) Glass bottles G) Items of Indigenous manufacture insidethe palisade Discussion Some Considerations Final Thoughts Acknowledgements References Part IIIIntroductionPetit à petit, unefaïence révèle ses secretsJean-François Lozier  Chapitre 11Phases de développementde l’art populaire québécois Jean-FrançoisBlanchette Préambule Introduction L’art populaire ancrédans la tradition L’art populaire augoût de l’« autre » L’art populaireindiscipliné Mimétisme de l’artpopulaire L’art populaireimpopulaire : le graffiti  Conclusion Ouvrages cités  Chapitre 12Une typologie descroix de chemin dans le comté de MéganticVanessa Oliver-Lloyd Le phénomène des croixde chemin au Québec Identification ducorpus et méthodologie Corpus Méthodologie Typologie des croix dechemin du comté de Mégantic Matériau deconstruction Décoration des piècesconstitutives et des extrémités Décoration du centrede la croix Décorations fixées surla traverse Décorations fixées surle pal La croix de chemincomme manifestation de la culture populaire Les types de croixselon le motif d’érection Les croix de chemin ducomté de Mégantic 1 La croix votive 2 La croixtalismanique 3 La croixcommémorative 4 Motifs « autres » Conclusion Ouvrages cités  Chapter 13Layers of Talk and Time: ReconsideringCanadian Communicationfrom New France to 1914John Willis Introduction New France Lower Canada: Communication in theNineteenth Century British North America: Overt and CovertMail The Border  The West The Old WestTake-Over of the Old West The New West: A New Layer of CivilizationEdmonton: Instant City Conclusion ReferencesContributors Index to English Chapters Index des chapitres français