Karen J. Alter, is a Professor of Political Science and Law at Northwestern University, permanent visiting professor at the iCourts Center for Excellence, and co-director Research Group on Global Capitalism and Law. Winner of the Berlin Prize and a Guggenheim fellow, Alter is author of the award-winning The New Terrain of International Law: Courts, Politics, Rights (Princeton University Press, 2014), The European Courts Political Power (OUP, 2009) and Establishing the Supremacy of European Law (OUP, 2001) and more than forty-five articles and book chapters on international law. Alter is member of the New York Council on Foreign Relations, the Executive Committee of the American Society of International Law, and serves on the editorial boards of the journals International Organization, the American Journal of International Law, International Studies Review, Law and Social Inquiry, and the Journal of International Dispute Settlement.Laurence R. Helfer is the Harry R. Chadwick, Sr. Professor of Law, co-director of the Center for International and Comparative Law, and a Senior Fellow with the Kenan Institute for Ethics at Duke University. He also serves as a Permanent Visiting Professor at the iCourts: Center of Excellence for International Courts at the University of Copenhagen, which awarded him an honorary doctorate in 2014. Professor Helfer has coauthored three books and more than seventy scholarly articles on his diverse research interests relating to the interdisciplinary analysis of international laws and institutions, which include international courts and tribunals, treaty design, international human rights, and international intellectual property law. He is a member of the Board of Editors of the American Journal of International Law and the Journal of World Intellectual Property.